Kategoria BISAC: Science >> Physics - Atomic & Molecular

This volume focuses on Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC), a powerful tool allowing luminescence lifetime measurements to be made with high temporal resolution, even on single molecules. Combining spectrum and lifetime provides a "fingerprint" for identifying such molecules in the presence of a background. Used together with confocal detection, this permits single-molecule spectroscopy and microscopy in addition to ensemble measurements, opening up an enormous range of hot life science applications such as fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and measurement of Forster Resonant...

This research monograph focuses on the design of arithmetic circuits in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA). Using the fact that the 3-input majority gate is a primitive in QCA, the book sets out to discover hitherto unknown properties of majority logic in the context of arithmetic circuit designs.

The pursuit for efficient adders in QCA takes two forms. One involves application of the new results in majority logic to existing adders. The second involves development of a custom adder for QCA technology. A QCA adder named as hybrid adder is proposed and it is shown that it outperforms...

Fragen und Antworten der Hirnforschung, Quantenmechanik oder Evolutionstheorie gehen in Romane ein, und Physiker oder Biologen verwenden rhetorische Sprachbilder, um ihre Erkenntnisse zu vermitteln oder sogar erst zu generieren. Dass literarische und wissenschaftliche Interessen sich nicht nur uberschneiden, sondern im Kern eins sind, das war zu Keplers, Lichtenbergs oder Goethes Zeiten noch selbstverstandlich. Sie wieder allgemein so sichtbar zu machen, wie sie es fur zahlreiche Autoren der Gegenwartsliteratur - etwa Richard Powers, Thomas Lehr oder Raoul Schrott - stets geblieben ist,...

This book is devoted to the calculation of hot-plasma properties which generally requires a huge number of atomic data. It is the first book that combines information on the details of the basic atomic physics and its application to atomic spectroscopy with the use of the relevant statistical physics approaches. Information like energy levels, radiative rates, collisional and radiative cross-sections, etc., must be included in equilibrium or non-equilibrium models in order to describe both the atomic-population kinetics and the radiative properties. Because of the very large number of...

This book is devoted to the Discrete Element Method (DEM) technique, a discontinuum modelling approach that takes into account the fact that granular materials are composed of discrete particles which interact with each other at the microscale level. This numerical simulation technique can be used both for dispersed systems in which the particle-particle interactions are collisional and compact systems of particles with multiple enduring contacts.

The book provides an extensive and detailed explanation of the theoretical background of DEM. Contact mechanics theories for elastic,...

These proceedings comprise invited and contributed papers presented at the 14th International Conference on X-Ray Lasers (ICXRL 2014). This conference is part of a continuing series dedicated to recent developments and applications of x-ray lasers and other coherent x-ray sources with attention to supporting technologies and instrumentation.

New results in the generation of intense, coherent x-rays and progress toward practical devices and their applications in numerous fields are reported. Areas of research in plasma-based x-ray lasers, 4th generation accelerator-based sources and...

Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics provides a comprehensive compilation of recent developments in a field that is in a state of rapid growth, as new experimental and theoretical techniques are used on many problems, both old and new.

Topics covered include related applied areas, such as atmospheric science, astrophysics, surface physics, and laser physics, with timely articles written by distinguished experts that contain relevant review material and detailed descriptions of important developments in the field.

• Presents the work of...

The Progress in Optics series contains more than 300 review articles by distinguished research workers, which have become permanent records for many important developments, helping optical scientists and optical engineers stay abreast of their fields.

• Comprehensive, in-depth reviews
• Edited by the leading authority in the field

The biological membranes of cellular organization enfold an important group of membrane proteins called the ATPases, which are not only versatile in maintaining chemical gradient and electrical potential across the membrane but also bring metabolites necessary for cell metabolism and drive out toxins, waste products and solutes that otherwise can curb cell functions. ATPases are distributed virtually in all live forms starting from unicellular to multicellular and also in viruses. There are different types of ATPases, which differ in function and structure and in the type of ions they...

Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase or Na-pump ATPase, a member of "P"-type ATPase superfamily, is characterized by association of multiple isoforms mainly of it's α- and β- subunits. At present four different α- (α-1,α-2,α-3 and α-4) and three β- (β-1, β-2, and β-3) isoforms have been identified in mammalian cells and their differential expressions are tissue specific. Regulation of Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase activity is an important but a complex process, which involves short-term and long-term mechanisms. Short-term...

• Presents surveys of current topics in this rapidly-developing field that has emerged at the cross section of the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology
• Features detailed reviews...