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Developing Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Mercury: A Probabalistic Site-Specific Approach
ISBN: 9781843396376 / Angielski / Miękka / 346 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. This project examined the development of ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for the protection of wildlife for mercury. Mercury is considered a serious risk to wildlife in many areas. As a result, the Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative and others have developed AWQC. These AWQC have been controversial, however, because (1) the AWQC were single values that did not account for site-specific conditions; (2) derivation of the AWQC relied on a single NOAEL, and (3) the AWQC had an unknown level of conservatism because of reliance on both average and conservative assumptions and uncertainty...
This project examined the development of ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for the protection of wildlife for mercury. Mercury is considered a ser...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Impact of Surface Storage on Reclaimed Water: Seasonal and Long Term
ISBN: 9781843396383 / Angielski / Miękka / 166 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The objectives of this project were to develop (1) a better understanding of the effects of storage on reclaimed water quality, (2) a methodology to help understand/predict water quality changes during storage, and (3) effective management tools for minimizing water quality problems. The research team reviewed approximately 120 published articles, conducted a gray literature survey to analyze the impact of surface storage on reclaimed water quality. The team also evaluated federal guidelines for reclaimed water and developed a brief update on what individual states are doing. It was...
The objectives of this project were to develop (1) a better understanding of the effects of storage on reclaimed water quality, (2) a methodology to h...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Technical Approaches for Setting Site-Specific Nutrient Criteria
ISBN: 9781843396390 / Angielski / Miękka / 134 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The purpose of this project was to develop a methodology for deriving site-specific nutrient criteria (SSNC) for surface waters, including streams and rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and coastal estuaries. The methodology was developed to extend the United States Environmental Protection Agency's regional nutrient criteria for localized conditions characterized by particular desired water quality requirements or designated uses. The proposed SSNC methodology provides local stakeholders with a recipe for estimating nutrient criteria consistent with site-specific water quality management goals...
The purpose of this project was to develop a methodology for deriving site-specific nutrient criteria (SSNC) for surface waters, including streams and...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Efficient Redundancy Design Practices
ISBN: 9781843396413 / Angielski / Miękka / 117 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The design of wastewater treatment plants with redundancy to assure a quality end product may be in conflict with efforts to assure effectiveness. Redundancy of major system components is to assure compliance with regulations and protection of the environment and the health and safety of the public and treatment plant staff. However, the capital costs and maintenance associated with redundant equipment does not necessarily enhance facility performance. There are a number of forces driving the level of redundancy in plant designs. Federal and state compliance regulations and the design...
The design of wastewater treatment plants with redundancy to assure a quality end product may be in conflict with efforts to assure effectiveness. Red...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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A Novel Membrane Process for Autotrophic Denitrification
ISBN: 9781843396437 / Angielski / Miękka / 74 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Biological denitrification by heterotrophic bacteria is common in the wastewater industry in the U.S. and in drinking water processing in Europe. To facilitate heterotrophic denitrification, organic compounds such as methanol, ethanol and acetic acid are added to provide a carbon source for the bacteria. The resulting organic carbon residual may create problems with chlorination. The addition of these carbon compounds is expensive and results in added sludge production. This study focused on the use of autotrophic hydrogen oxidizing bacteria for denitrification. The method transfers hydrogen...
Biological denitrification by heterotrophic bacteria is common in the wastewater industry in the U.S. and in drinking water processing in Europe. To f...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Identifying and Controlling Municipal Wastewater Odor Phase I: Literature Search and Review
ISBN: 9781843396475 / Angielski / Miękka / 291 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. A general review of literature published from 1990 to 2000 and unpublished (gray) literature on odors associated with municipal wastewater collection systems and treatment facilities, including biosolids handling. The literature review focused on several areas including odor characterization technology, odor sampling, analysis, measurement technology, and odor mitigation (control) technology.
A general review of literature published from 1990 to 2000 and unpublished (gray) literature on odors associated with municipal wastewater collection ...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Physical Effects of Wet Weather Flows on Aquatic Habitats: Present Knowledge and Research Needs
ISBN: 9781843396482 / Angielski / Miękka / 197 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. This study explores the current state of knowledge with respect to the effects of wet weather flows from urban areas on the physical character of aquatic habitat. It identifies knowledge gaps with respect to our ability to define the cause-effect relationships, examines the comprehensiveness of the data used in support of the published literature in the subject area, and makes a qualitative determination of the usefulness of those data for further analysis to increase our knowledge in the subject area. Finally, it recommends further research studies that will increase our knowledge in the...
This study explores the current state of knowledge with respect to the effects of wet weather flows from urban areas on the physical character of aqua...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Evaluating Endocrine Disruption in Receiving Waters
ISBN: 9781843396505 / Angielski / Miękka / 277 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. In recent years, concerns have been raised that low concentrations of chemicals may alter the normal functions of the endocrine system, resulting in potentially significant adverse effects on growth, reproduction, and/or development. For domestic wastewater discharges to surface water bodies, estrogenic activity of effluents has been suggested by chemical analysis, biomarkers, and /or in vitro assays. Chemical Measurements. Using sensitive analytical techniques, natural or synthetic hormones and chemicals that mimic estrogen, have been detected in some domestic wastewater effluents and...
In recent years, concerns have been raised that low concentrations of chemicals may alter the normal functions of the endocrine system, resulting in p...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Evaluating Risks and Benefits of Soil Amendments used in Agriculture
ISBN: 9781843396512 / Angielski / Miękka / 148 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Farmers today are faced with an array of products that they can use to improve the fertility of their lands. Organic soil amendments such as biosolids, manures and, to a lesser extent, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) composts are products that can be used to supplement or replace mineral fertilizers. Many farmers are aware of the benefits that organic products offer, especially in terms of improved crop yields, increased soil fertility, reduced fertilizer costs, and their overall contribution to sustainable agriculture. Concerns have been raised, however, regarding the safety of organic soil...
Farmers today are faced with an array of products that they can use to improve the fertility of their lands. Organic soil amendments such as biosolids...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Reducing Peak RDII Flow Rates: Case Studies and Protocol
ISBN: 9781843396529 / Angielski / Miękka / 170 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The purpose of this research project was to examine construction projects that successfully reduced RDII. The research began with a literature review of all published records describing RDII removal projects. Initially, the review identified many projects; however, subsequent evaluation of available information revealed several important realities. First, most RDII removal projects in the country go undocumented. Second, of the RDII removal project summaries that have been published, few provide good data. Third, data gathering and analyses for this report were hampered by lack of...
The purpose of this research project was to examine construction projects that successfully reduced RDII. The research began with a literature review ...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Best Practices for the Treatment of Wet Weather Wastewater Flows
ISBN: 9781843396536 / Angielski / Miękka / 138 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. During wet weather events, separate and combined wastewater collection systems deliver substantial amounts of storm water runoff to wastewater treatment plants. Often these flows inundate collection systems and treatment works creating bypasses of untreated or partially treated wastewater. The federal Clean Water Act (CWA), its amendments, and associated regulations have been attempting to address these concerns for nearly 30 years. These regulations, coupled with the wastewater treatment standards under the CWA, are posing immense challenges to the owner/operators of wastewater systems, who...
During wet weather events, separate and combined wastewater collection systems deliver substantial amounts of storm water runoff to wastewater treatme...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Methods for Wastewater Characterization in Activated Sludge Modelling
ISBN: 9781843396628 / Angielski / Miękka / 596 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Mathematical modeling is a useful tool for the design, analysis and control of wastewater treatment systems. The activated sludge process is one of the most common processes used in wastewater treatment, and therefore is a particularly important candidate for the application of mathematical models. In the 1980s, a task group organized by the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) developed a conceptual model of the activated sludge process, which has become an industry-wide standard for the development of computer-based activated sludge models. A recent version of the IAWQ model...
Mathematical modeling is a useful tool for the design, analysis and control of wastewater treatment systems. The activated sludge process is one of th...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Development of a Water Quality Model to Support Newport Bay, California TMDL
ISBN: 9781843396642 / Angielski / Miękka / 123 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Newport Bay (Orange County, California) is listed by the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) as a water quality limited receiving water body because of sporadic exceedances of the fecal coliform water quality objectives for body contact recreation. Consistent with federal and state requirements, a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is being implemented in the watershed. The fecal coliform TMDL in Newport Bay is a phased approach for understanding and controlling the microbiological water quality in the to ensure the reasonable protection of the Bay's beneficial uses. An...
Newport Bay (Orange County, California) is listed by the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) as a water quality limited receiving w...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Whole Effluent Toxicity Testing
ISBN: 9781843396673 / Angielski / Miękka / 95 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Under the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), many municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities must perform Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing. Regulatory agencies determine the level of compliance of each facility by making inferences about the results of these tests. There has been some concern regarding appropriate ways to integrate WET tests into NPDES permits. The central issue of this concern involves determining the relationship between WET tests and instream biological conditions. Previous research (WERF project 95-HHE-1) has examined this issue...
Under the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), many municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities must perform Whole Ef...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Water Reuse: Understanding Public Perception and Participation
ISBN: 9781843396697 / Angielski / Miękka / 193 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Non-potable and potable (principally in-direct potable) water reuse initiatives in the United States have faced increasing public opposition. Several high-profile initiatives have been halted after several years of planning and tremendous expenditures. To understand why the public holds the perceptions they do and what public participation options exist to address water reuse more constructively, a multidisciplinary analysis was undertaken by a team of social scientists, engineers, and water professionals. Through a comprehensive literature review, three in-depth case studies, and a 2-day...
Non-potable and potable (principally in-direct potable) water reuse initiatives in the United States have faced increasing public opposition. Several ...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Navigating the TMDL Process
ISBN: 9781843396710 / Angielski / Miękka / 106 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Narrative water quality criteria are an integral component of States' water quality standards but they pose special problems when incorporated into the TMDL process. The TMDL process is typically a quantitative activity, defining numeric allowable loads necessary to meet a numeric water quality objective. Narrative criteria confound development of quantitative TMDLs, due to the absence of these numeric criteria. The objective of this research was to improve the methods for addressing narrative water quality criteria in the TMDL process. The problems associated with narrative criteria in the...
Narrative water quality criteria are an integral component of States' water quality standards but they pose special problems when incorporated into th...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Effects of Wastewater Disinfection on Human Health
ISBN: 9781843396734 / Angielski / Miękka / 247 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Wastewater disinfection is practiced with the goal of reducing risks of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. Ideally, this goal is to be met without introducing other risks, such as those that could be associated with disinfection by-products. The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of wastewater disinfection on human health. This assessment was conducted by examining two fundamental questions regarding the application of disinfection: 1. Should municipal wastewater effluents be disinfected prior to discharge?; and, 2. Under circumstances where disinfection is...
Wastewater disinfection is practiced with the goal of reducing risks of human exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. Ideally, this goal is to be met w...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Navigating the TMDL Process
ISBN: 9781843396741 / Angielski / Miękka / 360 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. TMDLs, or total maximum daily loads, are required under the Clean Water Act, Section 303(d), for waterbodies that do not attain water quality standards. The objective of this research was to review the existing TMDL process and to develop an improved design for TMDL development where improvements are needed. This objective was accomplished through: (1) Identifying and verifying problems with the existing TMDL program; (2) Formulating a range of recommended improvement options on specific topics that address identified weaknesses; and (3) Providing case studies examples that highlight these...
TMDLs, or total maximum daily loads, are required under the Clean Water Act, Section 303(d), for waterbodies that do not attain water quality standard...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Protocols to Assess the Breakdown of Flushable Consumer Products
ISBN: 9781843396758 / Angielski / Miękka / 136 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. A scientifically sound approach is needed to ensure that flushable consumer products are compatible with household plumbing fixtures, as well as wastewater collection and treatment systems. In addition to assessing disposal system compatibility, an assessment approach should also ensure that flushable consumer products do not become an aesthetic nuisance in surface waters and soil environments. This document presents an overall approach for assessing the fate and compatibility of consumer products in wastewater disposal systems. While the focus of this document is on the United States, it is...
A scientifically sound approach is needed to ensure that flushable consumer products are compatible with household plumbing fixtures, as well as waste...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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Sensor Technology for Water Quality Monitoring: Fiber Optic Sensor
ISBN: 9781843396772 / Angielski / Miękka / 72 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Two methods for the detection of important human pathogens, Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter pylori, were investigated: a fiber optic biosensor, and real time PCR. The mechanism for specific detection in both methods is recognition of specific DNA sequences in the target organisms. The biosensor that was used, the Analyte 2000, was originally developed for the detection of chemicals. It utilizes a fiber optic wave guide that propagates an evanescent light wave of very specific wavelength. The light excites fluorescent molecules bound to the waveguide, but not in the bulk solution,...
Two methods for the detection of important human pathogens, Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter pylori, were investigated: a fiber optic biosensor...
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cena:
644,07 zł |
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