From an August 1992 workshop on the Greek island of Spetsai, 28 papers focus on the regulation of intracellular calcium levels, the second messengers derived from inositol lipids, and the specific phospholipase C isozymes involved in those processes. The sections cover the components of signal trans

This volume of Methods in Enzymology is concerned with the rapidly developing field of selenoprotein synthesis and its related molecular genetics. Progressive information on the topics of proteins as redox sensors, selenoproteins, and the thioredoxin system is studied using methods such as bioinformatics, DNA chip technology, cell biology, molecular genetics, and enzymology. The information on novel selenoproteins identified from genomic sequence data, as well as current knowledge on glutathione peroxidases, selenoprotein P, iodothyronine deiodinases, and thioredoxin reductases, is...

Quinones are members of a class of aromatic compounds with two oxygen atoms bonded to the ring as carbonyl groups. This volume covers more clinical aspects of quinines, such as anticancer properties, as well as their role in nutrition and in age-related diseases.

• Mitochondrial Ubiquinone and Reductases
• Anticancer Quinones and Quinone Oxido-Reductases
• Quininone Reductases: Chemoprevention, Nutrition
• Quinones and Age-Related Diseases

This volume on conjugation enzymes and transporters serves to bring together current methods and concepts in an interesting, important and rapidly developing field of cell and systems biology. Phase II Conjugation Enzymes and Transport Systems focuses on the so-called Phase II enzymes of drug metabolism (xenobiotics), which has important ramifications for endogenous metabolism and nutrition. Also included are aspects on Phase III, transport systems. This volume of Methods in Enzymology presents current knowledge and methodology on glucuronidation, sulfation, acetylation, and...

This volume addresses oxidant-reduction or redox and antioxidant sensitive molecular mechanisms and how they are implicated in different disease processes. Possible strategies to pharmacologically and/or nutritionally manipulate such redox-sensitive molecular responses are emphasized.

• Reactive species as intracellular messengers
• Redox regulation of cellular responses
• Clinical implications of redox signaling and antioxidant therapy

Emphasizes the efficacy of synthetically occurring compounds in the management of free radical-mediated illnesses. The text details the design, development and delivery of therapeutic antioxidants used in the treatment of pathophysiological disorders, from amylotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) to Alzheimer's disease.

Thiol Redox Transitions in Cell Signaling, Part A, along with its companion (volume 475), presents methods and protocols dealing with thiol oxidation-reduction reactions and their implications as they relate to cell signaling. This first installment of Cadenas and Packer's two-volume treatment specifically deals with glutathionylation and dethiolation, and peroxide removal by peroxiredoxins/thioredoxins and glutathione peroxidases.

The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for 40 years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the...

Mitochondria have traditionally been associated with metabolic functions; however recent research has uncovered a central role for these organelles in cell signaling, cell survival, and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a factor in a myriad of pathophysiological conditions, including age-related neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Mitochondrial Signaling in Health and Disease examines themes essential for the maintenance of the mitochondrial redox (reduction-oxidation) energy axis.

With contributions...

Characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, metabolic syndrome is associated with the risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Obesity, which increases the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and subsequently leads to increased stress and inflammation, appears to play a central role in the progression of the syndrome. Evidence of inflammatory processes in accumulated fat appears to be an early initiator of metabolic syndrome. Likewise, the more active angiotensin system in obesity may contribute to even greater oxidative...

The recognition of oxidative stress as a major factor in health, aging, and disease has led to a surge in research aimed at uncovering effective countermeasures in the form of antioxidants. Unique in its two-fold protective function, alpha-lipoic acid has drawn unprecedented interest as a coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism and as an antioxidant and cell redox modulator. Mounting data regarding its potential health benefits demands an authoritative, single-source reference to codify current knowledge and guide future research.

A state-of-the-science compilation, Lipoic Acid...