This text presents a treatment of the White House role in re-election efforts of contemporary presidents since 1956. It examines eight re-election campaigns from Eisenhower through to Clinton. The author considers the differences and similarities of each White House led effort, analyzing the political, institutional and policy factors that affect the strategies and decisions. From this she develops a typology of three standard types of campaigns: victorious, defeated and take-over, offering observations and insights that are invaluable for understanding presidential re-election efforts.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Who Speaks for the Poor addresses the central question of how the interests of the poor gain representation in the political process by examining the interest group system. How do the interests of the poor gain representation in the political process? Perceived as uninvolved and virtually powerless, the poor do get attention from policy-makers. Although there is substantial evidence which shows that political participation and influence decrease as socio-economic status decreases, the federal government does have a budget for programs directed at the needs of the poor. R. Allen Hays closely...

Utilizing current natural resource policies, this work shows how the wetlands fit a dominance model, the Great Lakes is a bounded model, and wildlife is labelled as a valence model. The book aims to break new ground in the understanding of leglisative policymaking.