A comprehensive overview of the president's policy-making role and the way this role structures the president's interaction with other institutions of government. The book concludes with a discussion of the issues of accountability and policy leadership.

With contributions by the leading presidency scholars, this book offers a comprehensive overview of the president's policy-making role and the ways this role structures the president's interaction with other institutions of government.

This text presents a treatment of the White House role in re-election efforts of contemporary presidents since 1956. It examines eight re-election campaigns from Eisenhower through to Clinton. The author considers the differences and similarities of each White House led effort, analyzing the political, institutional and policy factors that affect the strategies and decisions. From this she develops a typology of three standard types of campaigns: victorious, defeated and take-over, offering observations and insights that are invaluable for understanding presidential re-election efforts.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Who Speaks for the Poor addresses the central question of how the interests of the poor gain representation in the political process by examining the interest group system. How do the interests of the poor gain representation in the political process? Perceived as uninvolved and virtually powerless, the poor do get attention from policy-makers. Although there is substantial evidence which shows that political participation and influence decrease as socio-economic status decreases, the federal government does have a budget for programs directed at the needs of the poor. R. Allen Hays closely...

Under the U.S. Constitution, Congress bears responsibility for establishing national policy through legislation, but in recent years that power has often been eclipsed by presidents adopting public policy by other means. Steven A. Shull offers a systematic study of the relative importance of four tools presidents use to create policy without going through Congress: budgeting, executive orders, executive agreements, and commitment of troops.
Using both statistical analyses of recent presidents= use of alternative policy means and case studies of each tool, Shull investigates the factors...