In the last 25 years, the fuzzy set theory has been applied in many disciplines such as operations research, management science, control theory, artificial intelligence/expert system, etc. In this volume, methods and applications of crisp, fuzzy and possibilistic multiple objective decision making are first systematically and thoroughly reviewed and classified. This state-of-the-art survey provides readers with a capsule look into the existing methods, and their characteristics and applicability to analysis of fuzzy and possibilistic programming problems. To realize practical fuzzy modelling,...
In the last 25 years, the fuzzy set theory has been applied in many disciplines such as operations research, management science, control theory, artif...
Optical Properties of Metal Clusters deals with the electronic structure of metal clusters determined optically. Clusters - as state intermediate between molecules and the extended solid - are important in many areas, e.g. in air pollution, interstellar matter, clay minerals, photography, heterogeneous catalysis, quantum dots, and virus crystals. This book extends the approaches of optical molecular and solid-state methods to clusters, revealing how their optical properties evolve as a function of size. Cluster matter, i.e. extended systems of many clusters - the most frequently...
Optical Properties of Metal Clusters deals with the electronic structure of metal clusters determined optically. Clusters - as state intermedia...
There is growing interest in the use of active control of image formation to simplify and accelerate scene understanding. AI research on machine vision emphasizes the use of declarative knowledge and explicit representation of goals to control the perceptual process. This book describes the first implemented vision system anywhere to integrate robotic camera control, ocular reflexes, reactive fixation, real-time image processing, image tracking, perceptual grouping, active 3D modeling, and object recognition. The book presents the results of the ESPRIT project BG 3038/7108 "Vision as Process"...
There is growing interest in the use of active control of image formation to simplify and accelerate scene understanding. AI research on machine visio...
Distribution logistics have been strongly affected by recent economic trends: globalization of markets, deregulation of the European freight traffic, a growing part of just-in-time deliveries and both increased competition and strategic cooperation between all parties involved. The book covers in a systematic way the strategic, tactical and operational planning of distribution systems and processes. It gives an overview of the relevant quantitative models and techniques as well as of applications in industry presented through numerous case studies. Researchers and practitioners will thus...
Distribution logistics have been strongly affected by recent economic trends: globalization of markets, deregulation of the European freight traffic, ...
Das Grundgesetz enthalt in Art. 3 Abs. 3 einen Verfassungsauftrag zum Schutz vor Rassendiskriminierung unter Privatpersonen. Zur Umsetzung dieses Verfassungsauftrages kann sich der Gesetzgeber fur Schlichtungs- und Untersuchungsverfahren entscheiden, die auf eine Wiedergutmachung rassendiskriminierenden Verhaltens und auf die generelle Unterbindung von Rassendiskriminierung hinwirken sollen. Vorbild dafur waren die Gleichbehandlungsstellen im anglo-amerikanischen Rechtskreis und in westeuropaischen Nachbarstaaten. Das vorliegende Buch untersucht anhand rechtsvergleichend entwickelter Modelle...
Das Grundgesetz enthalt in Art. 3 Abs. 3 einen Verfassungsauftrag zum Schutz vor Rassendiskriminierung unter Privatpersonen. Zur Umsetzung dieses Verf...
and should therefore constitute a part of every area of economic 3 theory. The spectrum covered by information economics today ranges from Stigler's search theory4 to industrial economics, including oligopoly theory, innovation, as well as research and develop 5 ment. However, the area information economics is most closely connected with is the theory of optimal contracts, mainly ana 6 lyzed in principal-agent models. Contract theory deals primar ily with the question of how optimal arrangements (contracts) for the purchase and sale of commodities and services between two or more agents...
and should therefore constitute a part of every area of economic 3 theory. The spectrum covered by information economics today ranges from Stigler's s...
The subject area of the volume is multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), which is concerned with the methods and techniques by which multiple conflicting objectives can be formally incorporated into the management planning process. Constituting the selected proceedings of the most recent International Conference on Multiple Criteria Decision Making, the forty-five articles in the volume provide significant content on the latest in developments and new ideas taking place in theory and practice of the rapidly growing field of MCDM.
The subject area of the volume is multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), which is concerned with the methods and techniques by which multiple confl...
Negotiations are ubiquitous in business, politics, and private life. In many cases their outcome is of great importance. Yet, negotiators frequently act irrationally and fail to reach mutually beneficial agreements. Cognitive biases like overconfidence, egocentrism, and the mythical fixed pie illusion oftentimes foreclose profitable results. A further cognitive bias is the attachment effect: Parties are influenced by their subjective expectations formed on account of the exchange of offers, they form reference points, and loss aversion potentially leads to a change of preferences when...
Negotiations are ubiquitous in business, politics, and private life. In many cases their outcome is of great importance. Yet, negotiators frequentl...
Remarkable features of revenue management (RM) problems in the cargo, manufacturing and broadcasting industries are so-called flexible products. "Flexibility" means that the actual mode of production is not defined at the time of purchase, but can be chosen later on by the service provider. This book is among the first to analyze RM problems with flexible products and RM in broadcasting companies. The implications of flexibility are explicitly taken into account in the models and methods presented. As an aside, the book contains descriptions of algorithms to generate stochastic demand data...
Remarkable features of revenue management (RM) problems in the cargo, manufacturing and broadcasting industries are so-called flexible products. "F...
If necessity is the mother of invention, then deregulation is the father, and r- enue management (also known as yield management) is the couple s golden child at least as far as operations research is concerned. (Horner, 2000, p. 47) Deregulation had a signi?cant impact on the U.S. airline industry in the late 1970s. Charter and low-cost airlines such as People Express and Southwest wereabletoo?erseatsatafractionofthepricechargedbyestablishedcarriers like Pan Am and American Airlines. Due to their di?erent cost structure, it seemed to be impossible for the big carriers to o?er tickets at the...
If necessity is the mother of invention, then deregulation is the father, and r- enue management (also known as yield management) is the couple s gold...
