This book presents the discoveries made during nearly three decades of research on the parental shield bug,Parastrachia japonensisinhabiting Kyushu Island, Japan.P. japonensishas evolved a unique and fascinating life history, characterized by extreme behavioral and physiological adaptations that have culminated in a singularly dependent relationship with its lone host tree,Schoepfia jasminodora(Olacaceae), which is a generally scarce and unreliable resource.It is expected that the evolution of parental care behaviors in the strictly semelparousP. japonensiswas more directly influenced by the...

This book presents the whole picture of the ecological and evolutionary study on the ground beetle group, the subgenusOhomopterusof the genusCarabus, endemic to Japan. This flightless beetle group consists of many geographic races. They show divergence in key traits for reproductive isolation—body size and genital morphology, which leads to coexistence of two or more species. This beetle group provides an important material to study how a lineage of organisms diversify and form multi-species assemblage, and thereby multiply their species richness. The book introduces novel genomic...

This book reviews the physiological mechanisms of diverse insect clocks, including circadian clock, lunar clock, tidal clock, photoperiodism, circannual rhythms and others. It explains the commonality and diversity of insect clocks, focusing on the recent advances in their molecular and neural mechanisms.In the history of chronobiology, insects provided important examples of diverse clocks. The first report of animal photoperiodism was in an aphid, and the time-compensated celestial navigation was first shown in the honeybee. The circadian clock was first localized in the brain of a...