What is it like to be a psychologist or a psychiatrist today? Professionals with different kinds of practices and training from around the country talk candidly about their work, the effect that clients have upon them, and the various professional problems they face. They discuss how they have been trained, how they handle ethical questions, and how they feel about the profession. This short collection of interview material, based upon a national survey, provides a revealing and honest insider's view for clinicians, counselors, educators, and all those interested or touched by the mental...

The educational literature suggests that international contact contributes to a comprehensive educational experience. The Five Stages of Culture Shock examines an international shipboard educational program and seeks to identify specific insights resulting from informal extracurricular contact between students and host nationals in the context of culture shock experiences. Using the critical incident methodology, Pedersen analyzes students' responses to nearly 300 specific incidents which resulted in insights that apply to the students' own development, as well as the sociocultural...

A group of respected historians and authorities reassess the role of B. F. Skinner and contemporary behaviorism in the history of 20th-century psychology. This landmark collection provides an interesting mix of modern perspectives to clarify perceptions of the theories and approaches of Skinner and of other radical and contemporary behaviorists. This reevaluation of the philosophical bases and development of behavior analysis offers new interpretation. Psychologists, historians, philosophers, and advanced undergraduates and graduate students will also find the work important for its...

"Prevent, Repent, Reform, Revenge" is a study of the aims that people intend to achieve by the sanctions and treatments they recommend for wrongdoers. The book is designed to answer two main questions: What kind of analytical scheme can profitably reveal the nature of people's reasoning about the aims of sanctions they propose for perpetrators of crimes and misdeeds? In the aims that people express what changes in overt moral reasoning patterns appear between later childhood and the early adult years? The authors conducted interviews with 136 youths between the ages of 9 and 21 to find out...

Integrating diverse scientific data, this book relates the biological versus psychosocial aspects of adolescence. Relevant data from scientific literature have been pulled together into a systematic presentation of the biological and psychosocial issues of contemporary adolescence. Part I describes the biological and sociopsychological developmental processes; Part II focuses on the special problems of contemporary adolescents; Part III analyzes the causes of the problems and discusses tentative remedies. Written for psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, and anthropologists.

Current research indicates that in order to counsel a group of people different from the mainstream, it is important to understand their unique worldview. This book defines the worldview of personal well-being for the Inupiat Eskimo in order to establish guidelines for counseling strategies. Strategies are based on the wisdom of village elders, who define personal well-being in order to help others develop counseling practices that can bridge contemporary problems with the traditions and customs of the Inupiat culture.

The Inupiat define well-being by sharing Inupiat words and their...

This work introduces Russian theories of language from the Vygotskian perspective, with a chapter by famed scholar A. A. Leontiev about Vygostky and Russian psycholinguistics. The holistic nature of Russian psychology is highlighted, viewing the personality development of each individual as a whole. Vygostky's interdisciplinary approach to education, termed pedology, is examined, as is the Zone of Proximal Development and how it is understood in Russian education and theory. The theory of constructivism within education in the West is compared with the Vygotskian understanding of Zone of...

Given the internationalization of business, and the increasing need to work effectively with culturally diverse people in one's own country, people are facing new and more common challenges in developing workplace relationships. The challenges include communicating across differences in the use of silence and indirectness, dealing with negative exchanges, or neutral exchanges that one party perceives as negative, making decisions, working through criticisms and disagreements, and interpreting changing workplace dynamics. In this book, Distinguished Professor Richard Brislin shows us that...

This book compares the influence of the period leading up to World War II and of the war itself on the discipline of psychology in two major, but very different countries. During the 1930s, Soviet psychologists were formally isolated from developments in Western psychology by the ideological requirements of the Communist Party; in the United States, a vast variety of topics was being researched. When the war began, the discipline in the Soviet Union turned increasingly toward specialized topics, such as the rehabilitation of the wounded, ways to improve morale, and the psychological basis...