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During and after tunnel construction, the surrounding building is subjected to different deformations and strains which can cause damage to the surrounding buildings. Current prediction approaches are conservative and lead to unnecessary cost in protective measures. This research study introduced a 3D elasto-plastic finite difference model to predict building damage due to tunneling taking into account the interaction between building stiffness, tunnel and the surrounding soil. Different aspects of geotechnical modeling were discussed such as soil initial stress state, excavation and...