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On May 25,1978, the Commission on Toxicology ofthe Division of Clinical Chemistry of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) established its Subcommittee on Environmental and Occupational Toxicology of Cadmium following aseries of Commission meetings in Kristiansand, Norway. I was appointed chairman ofthe new Subcommittee by the Commission on Toxicology (chairman at that time F. w. Sun derman Jr. ) in which I served from 1977 as an Associate Member and from 1979 as a Titular Member. From the beginning the Cadmium Subcommittee aimed not only at bringing together cadmium...

The execution of detailed studies on the fate and levels of hazardous elements in the environment, foodstuffs and in human beings has become a major task in environmental research and especially in analytical chemistry. This has led to a demand to develop new methodology and optimize that already in use.

The book offers the reader a general introduction to the problem areas that are currently being tackled, followed by chapters on sampling and sample preservation, strategies and applications of the archiving of selected representative specimens for long-term storage in...

The significant progress achieved in modern instrumental analysis has led to a continuous lowering of detection limits and improved precision. This should in principle permit the reliable and extremely precise analysis of trace compounds mainly trace elements, at levels down to the lowest natural concentrations. However, the frequently observed very high discrepancies between the analyt ical results of different laboratories as well as the deviations from true values are, regrettably, still common in analytical practice. Basic methodological errors at the determination step can usually be...

Die Ergebnisse chemischer Analysen konnen nie besser sein als die vorangegangenen Schritte der Probenahme und des Probenaufschlusses. Ziel des Buches ist es, dem Leser die Grundlagen fur die Probenahme und den Aufschluss zu vermitteln. Strategien zur zeitlichen und raumlichen Auswahl reprasentativer Proben werden im ersten Teil behandelt. Der zweite Teil vermittelt detailliert die Prinzipien und Probleme der Druckaufschlussmethoden. Herausgeber und Autoren spannen hierbei den Bogen von Materialien aus der Umwelt, uber Lebensmittel bis zu Humanmaterial."

Knowledge in the information-technology sector suggests an interesting problem that arises from its very characterisation as a new phenomenon. The necessity to determine this knowledge in relation to previous technological and scientific achievements raises questions such as: Is there any possibility of articulating the new technology into a specific body of knowledge that fits a new cognitive model? Or is the process of reproduction of such knowledge characterised by practices we have already encountered in previous technologies? The present volume presents an attempt to answer these...