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CHD is the single greatest cause of death in industrialized world occurring in both sexes, but presenting earlier in men. In developed countries it remains a significant diagnosis in 20-25% of the population. IHD is the epidemic menace of the mid-twentieth century. Before the age of 60 years an average healthy adult has got one in five chance of suffering from myocardial infarction and for dying the chance is one in fifteen. This monograph highlights the association of IHD with the ABO blood group in the local population of Pakistan.

Vitamin D is the precursor of 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D3, the steroid hormone required for calcium absorption, bone development and growth in children. 90% of vitamin D is produced in the skin from the action of sunlight and remaining 10% is obtained from dietary sources. Vitamin D deficiency is major issue in Pakistan and in pregnancy it has been associated with adverse outcomes like pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm birth. Deficiency during infancy may lead to rickets in infants. This study was aimed to find level of vitamin D in relation with calcium in pregnancy and...

Stroke is a general term used to describe a focal neurologic event that is acute in onset and may have a vascular cause, etiology, or relevance. A stroke is a condition in which the brain cells suddenly die because of a lack of oxygen.Ischemic Stroke accounts for 80% of stroke. Renal impairment has been linked to higher stroke risk.Renal dysfunction in first-ever ischemic stroke Patients, however, has not been investigated thoroughly. This study investigated renal function status in cohort of patients with ischemic stroke in single ethnicity and from the same area.

Ulceration corresponds to tissue damage, breaching the muscularis mucosae. When ulcers arise in the acid-peptic environment of the gastroduodenum, they are usually termed as Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD).Peptic ulcer is the most common ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract. Peptic ulcer remains a significant public health problem; it has been estimated that 5-10% of the population is at risk of developing this disease in their lifetime, with considerable social and economic losses.The study of blood grouping is very significant as it plays an important role in genetics, blood...