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This book focuses on the modeling of gas-solid, liquid-solid, non-Newtonian fluid-solid, and supercritical fluid-solid fluidized beds and multiphase flows. Simulation techniques are categorized into Euler–Euler with kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) and Euler–Lagrange with discrete element method (DEM) approaches. Both the governing equations and numerical implementations are presented. A new CFD-KTGF-DEM approach describes phase interactions, free from the empirical restitution coefficient used in KTGF, and accounts for turbulence effects on discrete particle motion, which DEM...

This book focuses on e-commerce industry chain based on the whole process of e-commerce activities (production, distribution, circulation, consumption). It extracted the supporting technology and operation process of e-commerce into general principles in the form of mathematical analysis, helping readers to build the frame of theory and practice of activity link of e-commerce. This book stands on the concepts, carries on the innovation and cases in the practice, helping readers to establish a relatively complete e-commerce system. Also the arising challenges and issues are discussed, and...