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Fungi are organisms which are taxonomically, environmentally and medically important organisms. They hold a prominent position among all the decomposing organisms. They exist in the Unicellular form as Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria alternaria, Venturia inequalis e.t.c. and also in the multicellular for such as Ganoderma lucidum, Agaricus biporus, Amanita muscaria e.t.c. They are equally harmful for the growing crops, livestocks and human beings. It is need of the hour to identify their environmental niche. It is also important to deal with their laboratory handlings. This manuscript is an...

The cosmopolitan whitefly species, Bemisia tabaci has always been regarded as pests to a large range of worldwide crops. They are capable of transmitting plant viruses of different groups. Well-studied B. tabaci populations that have been differentiated are referred to as races or biotypes. Some of the commonly reported biotypes are B, Q, M, B2, L, H, A, C, N, K, R, P, E, S, J and AN. An analysis of genetic diversity of whitefly across Pakistan was conducted. It was based upon phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence of mitochondrial gene Cytochrom Oxidase I. All sequences of mtCOI genes of...

In this book different techniques were used for the production of amylases from Aspergillus niger It is highly desirable to increase the production and thermal stability of alpha amylases so that the process can be made more economical. Enzyme Engineering Group at Industrial Biotechnology Division, NIBGE, Faisalabad is actively involved in microbial strain development through random mutagenesis and genetic engineering. A deoxy D-glucose resistant (DG) mutant of Aspergillus niger was developed through gamma rays treatment. The present study was focussed on the optimization of growth conditions...

These studies presence of sufficient exploitable genetic variability for various yield related traits among the rice genotypes. A good number of rice genotypes were screened and identified on the basis of various morphological, physiological and molecular studies, that would be used in the development of F1 hybrid seed. The genotypes CB-17, CB-32 and Basmati-198 were good general combiners for productive tillers per plant, primary branches per panicle and yield per plant, especially under water stress condition and also gave specific cross combinations for good yield and yield related traits....