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Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the most dominant model for neuronal changes that might encode memory. LTP is an elegant concept that meets many criteria set up by theoreticians long before the model's discovery, and also fits the anatomical data of learning-dependent synapse changes. Since the discovery of LTP, the question has remained regarding how closely LTP produced in vitro by artificial stimulation of neurons actually models putative learning-induced synaptic changes. A number of recent investigations have tried to correlate synaptic changes observed after learning with changes...

Models and concepts of brain function have always been guided and limited by the available techniques and data. This book brings together a multitude of data from different backgrounds. It addresses questions such as: How do different brain areas interact in the process of channelling information? How do neuronal populations encode the information? How are networks formed and separated or associated with other networks? The authors present data at the single cell level both in vitro and in vivo, at the neuronal population level in vivo comparing field potentials (EEGs) in different brain...

This volume presents the general principles and applications of mathematics and statistics in the financial industry. Work with case studies represents an additional focus of the book. It addresses the mathematical deficiencies experienced by so many students, and despite its mathematical orientation, is written clearly and comprehensibly.