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The worldwide petroleum industry is facing a dilemma: the production level of heavy petroleum is higher than that of light petroleum. Heavy crude oils possess high amounts of impurities (sulfur, nitrogen, metals, and asphaltenes), as well as a high yield of residue with consequent low production of valuable distillates (gasoline and diesel). These characteristics, in turn, are responsible for the low price of heavy petroleum. Additionally, existing refineries are designed to process light crude oil, and heavy oil cannot be refined to 100 percent. One solution to this problem is the...

• Explores the physical and chemical properties of heavy oils and hydroprocessing catalysts; the mechanisms of catalyst deactivation; catalyst characterization by a variety of techniques and reaction conditions; laboratory and commercial information for model validations; and more
• Demonstrates how to develop correlations and models for a variety of reaction scales with step-by-step...

Chemical Reaction Kinetics: Concepts, Methods and Case Studies focuses on fundamental aspects of homogeneous reaction kinetics, with emphasis on the mathematical treatment of experimental data and interpretation of the results. It describes basic concepts of reaction kinetics, the parameters to measure the progress of chemical reactions, the variables that affect the reaction rates, and the ideal reactor performance and equations. Mathematical methods to determine reaction kinetic parameters are described in detail with the help of examples and worked step-by-step solutions. Both...

During the upgrading of heavy petroleum, asphaltene is the most problematic impurity since it is the main cause of catalyst deactivation and sediments formation. Exploring many aspects related to asphaltenes composition and conversion, Asphaltenes: Chemical Transformation during Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils highlights the various changes that these heavy and complex molecules undergo during catalytic hydroprocessing.

After defining and characterizing asphaltene structure, the book examines the composition of petroleum and the processes and catalysts for...

During the upgrading of heavy petroleum, asphaltene is the most problematic impurity since it is the main cause of catalyst deactivation and sediments formation. Exploring many aspects related to asphaltenes composition and conversion, Asphaltenes: Chemical Transformation during Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils highlights the various changes that these heavy and complex molecules undergo during catalytic hydroprocessing.

After defining and characterizing asphaltene structure, the book examines the composition of petroleum and the processes and catalysts for...