Microdosimetry and Its Applications

ISBN-13: 9783642851865 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 321 str.

H. H. Rossi; M. Zaider

Opis

Microdosimetry and Its Applications is an advanced textbook presenting the fundamental concepts and numerical aspects of the absorption of energy by matter exposed to ionizing radiation. It is the only comprehensive work on the subject that can be considered definitive. It provides a deeper understanding of the initial phase of the interaction of ionizing radiation with matter, especially biological matter, and its consequences.

Recenzje

"This is a careful and authoritative book on microdosimetry. No name is more closely associated with the subject than Rossi...The authors are to be congratulated on having produced a magnificent and much-needed work. This reviewer takes the liberty of saying 'thank you'" - Radiation Research

Spis treści

I Introduction.- I.1 The Role of Microdosimetry.- I.2 The Transfer of Energy from Ionizing Radiation to Matter.- I.3 Stochastic Quantities.- I.4 Spatial Aspects of Microdosimetry.- I.5 Temporal Aspects of Microdosimetry.- II Microdosimetric Quantities and their Moments.- II 1 Definitions.- II.2 Microdosimetric Distributions and their Moments.- II.3 Representations of Microdosimetric Distributions.- II.4 Experimental versus Calculated Microdosimetric Distributions.- III Interactions of Particles with Matter.- III.1 Overview.- III.2 Quantities and Terms Relating to the Interaction Between Projectiles and Targets.- III.3 Kinematics of the Scattering Process.- III.4 Sources of Charged Particles.- III.4.1 Photon-interaction Cross Sections.- III.4.2 Neutron-interaction Cross Sections.- III.4.3 Charged Particles as Sources of other Charged Particles.- III.5 Microscopic Description of the Electromagnetic Interaction of Charged Particles with Matter.- III.5.1 Theoretical Outline.- III.5.2 Experimental Data on the Energy Loss Function.- III.6 The Interaction of Charged Particles with Bulk Matter.- III.6.1 The Stopping Power of the Medium.- III.6.2 Statistical Fluctuations of the Energy Lost by Charged Particles.- III.6.3 Range and Range Straggling.- III.7 Appendix: Formal Treatment of the Interaction of Charged Particles with Matter.- III.7.1 Scattering Formalism.- III.7.2 The Dielectric Response Function.- III.7.3 Theoretical Calculations of the Energy Loss Function.- III.7.3.1 Drude-function Expansions of (q,?).- III.7.3.2 Random-phase Approximation (RPA) for (q,?).- III.7.3.3 Ab initio Calculations of (q,?).- IV Experimental Microdosimetry.- IV.I The Site Concept.- IV.2 Fluctuations in Regional Microdosimetry.- IV.3 Measurements in Regional Microdosimetry.- IV.3.1 General Considerations.- IV.3.2 The Proportional Counter.- IV.3.3 Energy loss versus Ionization.- IV.3.4 Gas Multiplication.- IV.3.5 The Wall Effect.- IV.3.6 Tissue Equivalent Materials.- IV.3.7 Counter Designs.- IV.3.8 Gas Supply.- IV.3.9 Electronics.- IV.3.10 Calibration.- IV.3.11 Resolution.- IV.4 Measured Distributions of Lineal Energy.- IV.4.1 General Comments.- IV.4.2 Neutrons.- IV.4.3 Photons.- IV.4.4 Electrons.- IV.4.5 Ions.- IV.4.6 Pions.- IV.5 Measurement of Distributions of Specific Energy.- IV.5.1 General Comments.- IV.5.2 The Variance Method.- IV.6 Measurement of LET Distributions.- IV.7 Appendix: The V Effect.- V Theoretical Microdosimetry.- V.1 A Diversion in Geometric Probability.- V.2 Monte Carlo Simulation of Charged-Particle Tracks.- V.2.1 A Brief Visit to Monte Carlo Sampling.- V.2.2 Geometrical Randomness.- V.2.3 An Illustration: Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron Tracks.- V.3 Calculation of Microdosimetric Spectra.- V.3.1 Analytic Methods.- V.3.2 Monte Carlo Methods.- V.3.3 Microdosimetric Spectra for Combined Radiations.- V.4 Methods for Obtaining Proximity Functions.- V.4.1 Proximity Functions for Simple Geometric Objects.- V.4.2 Proximity Functions for Amorphous Tracks.- V.4.3 Proximity Functions from Experimental Data.- V.4.3.1 t(x) and yD.- V.4.3.2 Proximity Functions for Diffused Charged Particle Tracks.- V.4.3.3 Proximity Functions obtained from Cloud-Chamber Data.- V.5 The Informational Content of the Moments of the Microdosimetric Distributions.- V.6 Appendix: The Maximum Entropy Principle.- VI Applications of Microdosimetry in Biology.- VI.1 Radiobiology.- VI.1.1 Introduction.- VI.1.2 Microdosimetric Constraints on Biophysical Models.- VI.1.3 Empirical Data in Radiation Biology.- VI.1.4 The Theory of Dual Radiation Action.- VI.1.5 Other Topics in Dual Radiation Action Theory.- VI.1.6 DNA-lesion Theory of Radiation Action.- V1.2 Radiotherapy.- VI.2.1 General Considerations.- VI.2.2 Microdosimetric Distributions.- VI.3 Radiation Protection.- VI.3.1 Quantities.- VI.3.2 General Considerations Regarding Measurements.- VI.3.3 Measurements of the “Counter” Dose Equivalent.- VI.3.4 Measurement of Operational Quantities.- VI.3.5 Specific Quality Functions.- VII Other Applications.- VII.1 Microdosimetry and Radiation Chemistry.- VII.2 Radiation Effects on Microelectronics.- VII.2.1 Appendix: Example.- VII.3 Microdosimetry and Thermoluminescence.- References.