Mechanism of Toxic Action on Some Target Organs: Drugs and Other Substances

ISBN-13: 9783540093053 / Angielski / Miękka / 1979 / 534 str.

P. L. Chambers; P. Gunzel

Opis

The first oral contraceptive became available in 1960 and since then these sub stances, which have been used by millions of women, have probably been the most widely studied group of drugs in medical history (Drill, 1966, 1977). Part of the evaluation oCoral contraceptives has involved their effect on the reproductive organs of women, with particular attention directed to evaluation of a possible carcinogenic effect of these steroids. To the extent that cancer of the reproductive organs is a common finding in women, the endogenous female sex hormones have been implicated in the occur rence of the cancer. The administration of estrogen has also been reported to in crease the incidence of cancer of the breast, cervix or endometrium in some strains or species of animals. Thus, because of the possible tumorigenic effect of estrogens there has been considerable interest in the relationship of oral contraceptives to cancer of the breast and genital tract."

Spis treści

Young Scientists Award Lecture 1978: Studies on the Role of Acetylhydrazine in Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity.- The Influence of the Neuro-Endocrine System on the Toxic Reactions Due to Hormones and Other Compounds.- Evaluation of Effects of Sexual Steroids on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary System of Animals and Man.- Ultrastructure of Intermediate Lobe of the Pituitary and Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in Oestrogen-Induced Kidney Tumors in Male Hamsters.- Role of Neuroendocrine System in Regulation of Mammary Tumors in Different Species.- Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Effects of Estrogens, Progestins and Oral Contraceptives on Cervix, Uterus and Ovary of Animals and Man.- Assessment of ACTH-Adrenal Activity After Treatment with a Glucocorticoid and an Antiandrogenic Steroid.- Neuroendocrine Effects of Neuropsychotropic Drugs and Their Possible Influence on Toxic Reactions in Animals and Man — The Role of the Dopamine-Prolactin System.- Motility and Stereotyped Behaviour Induced by Amphetamine and Apomorphine on Hypophysectomized and on Thyroidectomized Rats.- Induction of Adaptive and Malignant Liver Growth by Drugs and Environmental Pollutants.- Adaptive Liver Growth Induced by Xenobiotic Compounds: Its Nature and Mechanism.- Growth Control in Regenerating Rat Liver.- Control of Liver Growth by Growth Inhibitors (Chalones).- Nucleic Acid and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism During Liver Growth Induced by Xenobiotic Compounds (Abstract).- Early Biological Markers During Liver Carcinogenesis.- Correlation of Liver Growth and Function During Liver Regeneration and Hepatocarcinogenesis.- Liver Growth and Tumorigenesis in Rats.- Liver Tumors and Steroid Hormones in Rats and Mice.- The Effects of Dieldrin, Diet and Other Environmental Components on Enzyme Function and Tumor Incidence in Livers of CF-1 Mice.- Organotropy as a Toxicological Phenomenon.- Enzymes as Regulators of Toxic Reactions by Electrophilic Metabolites.- Pharmacokinetic Parameters Influencing Tissue Specificity in Chemical Carcinogenesis.- Organ Specificity of Induction of Activating and Inactivating Enzymes by Cigarette Smoke and Cigarette Smoke Condensate.- DNA Repair as Regulatory Factor in the Organotropy of Alkylating Carcinogens.- Physiological Mechanisms of Diethylstilbestrol Organotropic Carcinogenesis.- Diethylstilbestrol Metabolic Transformation in Relation to Organ Specific Tumor Manifestation.- Organotropic Mutagenesis in Tissues of Chinese Hamsters Induced by Chemical Carcinogens.- Modulation of the in vivo Covalent Binding of the Carcinogen Benzo(a)pyrene to Rat Liver DNA by Selective Induction of Microsomal and Nuclear Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase Activity.- TCDD — Seveso.- Estimation of the TCDD Toxic Potential in the Light of the Seveso Accident.- Free Communications and Poster Sessions.- Biological Threshold Limits for Benzene Based on Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Benzene in Man.- Short Term Effects of Clophen A 50 and of Dichlorobiphenyl in Rats.- Toxic Effects of Di-n-octyltin Dichloride on the Thymus in Mice.- 2-Hydroxyoestradiol and (+)-Cyanidanol-3 Prevent Lipid Peroxidation of Isolated Rat Hepatocytes.- Accentuation of White Phosphorus Induced Fatty Liver by Phenobarbitone in Male Rats Compared to Female Rats.- Fatty Liver Induced by High Doses of Rifampicin in the Rat: Possible Relation with an Inhibition of RNA Polymerases in Eukariotic Cells.- An Experimental Model for the Study of Hepatic Transport and Metabolism of Toxic Compounds.- Effects of Subacute Toluene Inhalation on its Metabolism and Disposition in Rat.- Drug-Nitrite Interactions: Species and Sex Differences in the Formation of Dimethylnitrosamine and its Effects on the Hepatic Enzyme Activities.- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibiting and Toxic Effects of Acetyl-Phenylhydrazide on Rat Liver in vivo.- Side Effects of Colloidal Plasmasubstitutes on Hemostasis in Patients with Terminal Renal Failure.- Accelerated Renal Elimination of Thallium in the Rat Due to Treatment with Furosemide or Potassium Ions (Abstract).- Entrance into Brain of Dextropropoxyphene and the Toxic Metabolite Norpropoxyphene.- Comparison of the Acute Toxicity of Clioquinol, Histamine, and Chloroform in Different Strains of Mice.- Prostaglandins in Rat Placenta Following Acute and Chronic Administration of Morphine.- Effects of Two Structurally Different Antispermatogenic Compounds on the Synthesis of Steroids in Rat Testes.- Ultrastructural Alterations Induced by Two Different Antispermatogenic Agents in the Seminiferous Epithelium of Rat Testes.- Therapeutic Effects of the Bis-Pyridinium Salts HGG-12, HGG-42 and Atropine, Benactyzine in Organophosphate Poisoning of Dogs.- Hormonal Control of Prothrombin Synthesis in Rat Liver Microsomes, with Special Reference to the Role of Estradiol, Testosterone and Prolactin.- Lifespan Studies on Male and Female Mice and Rats Under SPF-Laboratory Conditions.- The Loss of Creatine Phosphokinase (CK) from Intramuscular Injection Sites in Rabbits. A Predictive Tool for Local Toxicity (Abstract).- In vivo Covalent Binding of Chemicals to DNA as a Short-Term Test for Carcinogenicity.- A Dynamic System for Long-Term Toxicity Studies in Fish Under Laboratory Conditions.- Effect of Intratracheal and Oral Application of Corticosteroids on the Adrenal Function Test in Beagle Dogs After ACTH-Stimulation.- Drug Actions in Rats with Arteriosclerosis Induced by Toxic Doses of Vitamin D2.- Apparent Tropism of a Vasodilator, Mecinarone, for Melanin-Containing Tissues and Activation of Melanogenesis in the Beagle (Abstract).- Estrogenic Partial Effect of Norethisterone Enanthate in Relation to Tumor Induction in Rat Mammary Gland.- The Special Suitability of Inbred Syrian Hamsters for Carcinogenesis Testing.- Proliferation of Rat Liver Cells in Preneoplastic Nodules After Stimulation of Liver Growth by Xenobiotic Inducers.- The Regulative Role of Food Consumption in the Induction of Rat Liver Cell Proliferation by Drugs and Environmental Pollutants.- Induction of Pre-Malignant Hepatic Lesions: Comparative Effects of Vinyl Chloride and Trichloroethylene (Abstract).- Microsomal Vinyl Oxide Synthetase: Modification of its Kinetic Parameters by Chemical Carcinogens.- Influence of Drugs on Activation and Inactivation of Hepatocarcinogenic Nitrosamines.- Effect of DMN, Phenobarbital and Halothane on the Sedimentation Characteristics of Rat Liver DNA.- Activities of Polycyclic Hydrocarbon Activating and Inactivating Enzymes in Human Lungs of Smokers, Non-Smokers, Lung-Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients.- Demonstration of Drug-Ethanol Interactions by Changes in Activity of Hepatic Microsomal Oxidase/Oxygenase Cytochrome P-450 Function.- Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase on Chronic Ethanol Intoxication. Effect of Acetaldehyde and Fat Diet. (Abstract).- Polycystic Changes in Rat Kidney Induced by Biphenyl Fed in Different Diets.- Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in Male Rabbit Germ Cells Induced by Methylmethane Sulfonate, Cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin.- Plasma Proteins — Animal Assays on Possible Cardiovascular Side-Effects.- Exploitation of Toxicological Results and its Problems. A Call for Normalisation of Their Presentation, Apropos of a Pilot Factual Data Bank (Abstract).- Computer Analysis and Integration of Animal Pathology Data.- Author Index.