Advances in Pectin and Pectinase Research

ISBN-13: 9781402011443 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 504 str.

Fons Voragen; Henk Schols; Richard Visser

Opis

The second international symposium on Pectins and Pectinases was organized by Wageningen University and Research Centre and held in Rotterdam, May 6-10, 2001. This successful meeting was attended by around 130 participants from more than 20 countries representing almost all of the groups and industries working woridwide on pectins and pectinases. Following the first meeting on this subject held in December 1995, the symposium defInitely forms a platform for researchers and industries working in the fIeld, all within their own discipline and expertise. The symposium demanded a written account and this book is the resuit of that. It contains aIl keynote lectures and other oral presentations and provides an update about the current research. SignifIcant progress has been made in the last 5 years. This book provides an up-to-date insight into the research on pectin and pectic enzymes involved in their biosynthesis, degradation, modifIcation or utilization. The progress in the elucidation of the chemical structure of pectin and mode of action and 3-D structure of the pectin degrading enzymes allows us to identify and influence the functionality of pectins and pectic enzymes, both in vitra after isolation as weIl in the plants themselves (in planta). Other contributions deal with new applications of both pectin and pectin-degrading enzymes, while more and more attention is paid to health and nutritional aspects ofpectins. The book provides a 'state of the art' account for both beginners and experienced researchers of almost all disciplines of pectin research.

Spis treści

I. Pectin (Bio)Synthesis.- Interaction of a stylar pectic polysaccharide and a basic protein (sca) mediates lily pollen tube adhesion.- Towards unraveling the biological significance of the individual components of pectic hairy regions in plants.- Detergent-solubilisation of a homogalacturonan galacturonosyltransferase from mung bean.- Pectin — the hairy thing: evidence that homogalacturonan is a side chain of rhamnogalacturonan I.- II. Structure, Physical and Chemical Properties of Pectin.- Covalent cross-linking of primary cell wall pectic polysaccharides is required for normal plant growth.- Differences in the methyl ester distribution of pectins.- Physico-chemical properties of pectins in the cell walls and after extraction.- A comparison of lime and orange pectin which were rapidly extracted from albedo.- The hydration behaviour of pectin networks and plant cell walls.- Structural features of pectic substances from hemicellulose extracts of apples.- Pectin cell biology: complexity in context.- Pectic substances from soybean cell walls distinguish themselves from other plant cell wall pectins.- III. Molecular Genetics and Regulation of Pectinase Biosynthesis.- Regulation of pectinolytic gene expression in Aspergillus.- Transgenesis with an antisense construct and a promoter-reporter fusion for the study of lupme3, a flax pectin methylesterase gene.- Regulation and role of pectinases in phytopathogenic fungi.- Synthesis of pectin fragments by modular design principle.- IV. Identification, Mode of Action, and 3-D Structure of Pectinases.- Mechanistic lessons from structural studies of the pectate lyases.- Mode of action analysis and structure — function Relationships in Aspergillus niger pectinolytic enzymes.- Endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolase, a novel enzyme for fruit processing.- The structures and active sites of pectinases.- Recent observations on the specificity and structural conformation of the polygalacturonase — polygalacturonase inhibiting protein system.- Structure-function and molecular studies on fungal polygalacturonases and their inhibitors PGIPs.- Rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase, a member of the SGNH-Hydrolase family.- Sequence analysis and characterisation of a novel pectin acetyl esterase from Bacillus subtilis.- The tow secreted pectin acetylesterases of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937, PAEY and PAEX.- Development of a valencia orange pectin methylesterase for generating novel pectin products.- Structure-function of a proteinaceous inhibitor of plant pectin methylesterase.- Degradation of pectins with different nature, amount and distribution of the substituents by endopolygalacturonase of fusarium moniliforme.- V. Pectinases in Beverage, Food and Feed, and Novel Technologies.- The role of pectins in plant tissue upon storage and processing: analysis and mathematical modelling in relation to firmness.- Kinetic information on thermal and high pressure-temperature inactivation of pectinesterases.- VI. Developments in Pectin Manufacture and Application.- Characterisation of pectins extracted from fresh sugar beet roots under different conditions using an experimental design.- Sol-gel transitions of high-esterified pectins and their molecular structure.- Rheological characterization of gum and jelly products.- Comparison of the stabilisation mechanism of acid dairy drinks (ADD) induced by pectin and soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSP).- Recent studies on possible functions of bioactive pectins and pectic polysaccharides from medicinal herbs on health care.- Effect of pectolytic and cellulolytic enzyme treatments on functional and nutritional properties of cell wall materials from apples.