This book traces the ways in which Mark Twain was formed by, and sought to manipulate, the ideology of gender. Peter Stoneley considers the range of Twain's writing, from classic novels such as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn to embittered autobiographical fragments. Twain's preoccupation with the nature and value of the "feminine" has long been recognized as a central feature of his writing. Stoneley goes beyond repeated generalizations to provide a detailed analysis; his book will be of interest to scholars and students of American literature, cultural history and gender studies.

Edith Wharton emerges in this book as a novelist of morals (rather than manners). Behind her polished portraits of upper-class New York life is a thoughtful, questioning spirit. This book analyzes Wharton's religion and philosophy in short stories and seven major novels. It considers Wharton in terms of nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century American intellectual and religious life. It also analyzes Wharton in terms of her gender and class, explaining how this aristocratic woman applies and yet transforms both the classical and Christian traditions that she inherits.

In Modernism, Mass Culture and Professionalism Thomas Strychacz argues that modernist writers need to be understood both in their relationship to professional critics and in their relationship to an era and ethos of professionalism. In studying four modernist writers--Henry James, Theodore Dreiser, John Dos Passos and Nathanael West--Strychacz finds that contrary to what most studies suggest, modernist writers (in the period of 1880-1940) are thoroughly caught up in the ideas and expressive forms of mass culture rather than opposed to them. Despite this, modernist writers seek to distinguish...

The Catholic Side of Henry James is the first to reveal the profound Catholic imagery in James' work. Edwin Fussell argues that Henry James, though not a "card-carrying" Catholic, was a fellow-traveling Catholic of a certain literary type. Fussell is not trying to turn James into a Closet Catholic but is, rather, intent on questioning conventional critical assumptions about James' unquestioned secularity. He contends that the writer's career began with narratives of Catholic conversion and ended with his masterpiece of Catholic eccentricity and alienation, The Golden Bowl. With an enormously...

In his old age T.S. Eliot said on a number of occasions that the American experience of his childhood and youth had had the deepest influence on his poetry. This is the first book to explore in detail how Eliot's writings at once preserved and reacted against his complex American heritage: his intellectually and socially prominent family, their strong Unitarian culture, and their experience in nineteenth-century St. Louis and Boston. Analyzing major poems from "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" through The Waste Land, and drawing widely upon the early philosophical writings, essays, and...

H.D. and the Victorian Fin de Siecle argues that the twentieth-century American woman poet H.D. shaped an alternative poetic modernism of female desire from the "feminine" personae, images and forms of Decadent Romanticism that male modernists such as T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and W.B. Yeats denounced as "effeminate." The book is the first examination of female modernism to demonstrate extensively the impact of the Decadents and their fluid poetics of androgyny, homoeroticism and role reversal on a modernist woman writer.

A whole range of American writers have focused on images of household, domestic virtue, and the feminine or feminized hero. This important new book examines the persistence and flexibility of such themes in the work of classic writers from Ann Bradstreet through Jefferson and Franklin to Hawthorne, Melville, Whitman, and Emily Dickinson. Without minimizing the differences that divide these figures, Anderson shows the extent to which, in their various circumstances, they were all committed to a common enterprise--a social and cultural reconstruction based on the domestic values of the ideal...

Robert Frost and a Poetics of Appetite reads Frost's poetry within a theoretical perspective generated, but not limited by feminist analysis, and it evaluates Frost's persistent feminizing of poetic language in ways that he typically dramatizes as both erotic and humiliating. Kearns examines how Frost's dual and potentially conflicting obligations--to be manly and to be a poet--inform his entire poetics. The study unites psychobiographical and feminist approaches to create an adept and imaginative instrument of interpretation.

William R. Handley examines literary interpretations of the Western American past. Handley asserts that although recent scholarship presents a narrative that counters optimistic frontier individualism by focusing on the victims of conquest, twentieth-century American fiction tells of intra-ethnic violence, involving marriages and families. He examines historiography and writing by Zane Grey, Willa Cather, Wallace Stegner and Joan Didion among others.

In her book The Regenerate Lyric, Elisa New presents a major revision of the accepted historical account of Emerson as the source of the American poetic tradition. New challenges the majority opinion that Emerson not only overthrew New England religious orthodoxy but founded a poetic tradition that fundamentally renounced that orthodoxy in favor of a secular, Romantic approach. She contends that Emerson's reinvention of the religion as a species of poetry is tested and found wanting by the very poetic innovators whom Emerson addressed and that a counter-tradition is evident in his major...