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Niger: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502865267 / Angielski / Miękka / 30 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Niger is a multiparty republic. In 2011 voters elected opposition leader Issoufou Mahamadou president in a poll characterized by international observers as generally free and fair. Observers also considered the 2011 National Assembly elections free and fair. Authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Security forces committed human rights abuses. The most serious human rights problems during the year included harsh and life-threatening prison and detention center conditions, discrimination and violence against women and children, and forced labor and caste-based...
Niger is a multiparty republic. In 2011 voters elected opposition leader Issoufou Mahamadou president in a poll characterized by international observe...
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Nicaragua: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502865274 / Angielski / Miękka / 36 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Nicaragua is a multi-party constitutional republic, but in recent years political power has become concentrated in a single party, with an increasingly authoritarian executive exercising significant control over the legislative, judicial, and electoral branches. In November 2011 the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE) announced the re-election of President Daniel Ortega Saavedra of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) in elections that international and domestic observers characterized as seriously flawed. International and domestic organizations raised concerns regarding the...
Nicaragua is a multi-party constitutional republic, but in recent years political power has become concentrated in a single party, with an increasingl...
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Nepal: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502865281 / Angielski / Miękka / 34 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Nepal is a federal democratic republic. The political system is based on the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2063 (2007), with a prime minister as the chief executive and a Constituent Assembly, which is responsible for drafting a new constitution. On November 19, Nepal held national elections to replace the Constituent Assembly, which was suspended in May 2012 after it did not draft a new constitution by the deadline established by the Supreme Court. Domestic and international observers characterized the Constituent Assembly election results as credible and well conducted, and the Asian...
Nepal is a federal democratic republic. The political system is based on the Interim Constitution of Nepal 2063 (2007), with a prime minister as the c...
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Namibia: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502865304 / Angielski / Miękka / 32 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Namibia is a constitutional multi-party democracy. The presidential and parliamentary elections held in 2009 resulted in the reelection of President Hifikepunye Pohamba and retention by the ruling South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) of its large parliamentary majority. Despite some reported irregularities, international observers characterized the election as generally free and fair. Authorities generally maintained effective control over security forces. Security forces sometimes committed human rights abuses. The three most significant human rights abuses in the country included...
Namibia is a constitutional multi-party democracy. The presidential and parliamentary elections held in 2009 resulted in the reelection of President H...
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Saudi Arabia: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878328 / Angielski / Miękka / 48 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a monarchy ruled by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud, who is both head of state and head of government. The government bases its legitimacy on its interpretation of sharia (Islamic law) and the 1992 Basic Law, which specifies that the rulers of the country shall be male descendants of the founder King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman al-Saud. The Basic Law sets out the system of governance, rights of citizens, and powers and duties of the government, and it provides that the Koran and Sunna (the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad) serve as the country's...
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a monarchy ruled by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud, who is both head of state and head of government. The governme...
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51,54 |
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Rwanda: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878335 / Angielski / Miękka / 46 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Rwanda is a constitutional republic dominated by a strong presidency. The ruling Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) led a coalition that included four smaller parties. In 2010 voters elected President Paul Kagame to a second seven-year term with 93 percent of the vote. Three other registered political parties participated in the elections. Elections for parliament's lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, took place in September. Candidates from the RPF and two other parties that support RPF policies won all of the open seats, and election observers reported numerous flaws, including possible...
Rwanda is a constitutional republic dominated by a strong presidency. The ruling Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) led a coalition that included four smal...
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Russia: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878342 / Angielski / Miękka / 64 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Russian Federation has a highly centralized, weak multi-party political system dominated by President Vladimir Putin. The bicameral Federal Assembly consists of a directly elected lower house (State Duma) and appointed upper house (Federation Council). Presidential elections in March 2012 featured accusations of government interference and manipulation of the electoral process. Security forces generally reported to civilian authorities; however, in some areas of the Northern Caucasus, civilian authorities did not exercise full control over security forces. Security forces throughout the...
The Russian Federation has a highly centralized, weak multi-party political system dominated by President Vladimir Putin. The bicameral Federal Assemb...
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Romania: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878359 / Angielski / Miękka / 44 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Romania is a constitutional republic with a democratic, multi-party, parliamentary system. The bicameral parliament (Parlament) consists of the Senate (Senat) and the Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputatilor), both elected by popular vote. In December 2012 the country held parliamentary elections that observers generally considered were without irregularities, and President Traian Basescu reappointed Victor Ponta prime minister. Authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Security forces committed some human rights abuses. Major human rights problems included police and...
Romania is a constitutional republic with a democratic, multi-party, parliamentary system. The bicameral parliament (Parlament) consists of the Senate...
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Republic of the Congo: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878366 / Angielski / Miękka / 32 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Republic of the Congo is a parliamentary republic in which the constitution vests most of the decision-making authority and political power in the president and his administration. Denis Sassou-N'Guesso won re-election as president in 2009 with 78 percent of the vote, but opposition candidates and domestic nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) questioned the validity of this figure and cited electoral irregularities. Legislative elections were held in July and August 2012 for 137 of the National Assembly's 139 seats. The African Union declared the elections free, fair, and credible, while...
The Republic of the Congo is a parliamentary republic in which the constitution vests most of the decision-making authority and political power in the...
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Republic of Korea: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878373 / Angielski / Miękka / 32 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Republic of Korea (South Korea or ROK) is a constitutional democracy governed by a president and a unicameral legislature. The December 2012 presidential and the April 2012 parliamentary elections were viewed as free and fair. Security forces reported to civilian authorities. Authorities maintained effective control over security forces, which did not commit human rights abuses. The primary human rights problems reported were the government's interpretation of the National Security Law (NSL) and other laws to limit freedom of expression and restrict access to the internet, and the jailing...
The Republic of Korea (South Korea or ROK) is a constitutional democracy governed by a president and a unicameral legislature. The December 2012 presi...
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Qatar: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878380 / Angielski / Miękka / 28 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Qatar is a constitutional monarchy in which Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani exercises full executive power. In June the former emir Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani abdicated to his son, Sheikh Tamim. The 2005 constitution provides for hereditary rule by males in the emir's branch of the al-Thani family, which has ruled since 1868. The most recent national elections were in 2011 for the Central Municipal Council, an advisory and consultative body; observers considered them free and fair. Authorities maintained effective control over security forces. Security forces did not commit human...
Qatar is a constitutional monarchy in which Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani exercises full executive power. In June the former emir Sheikh Hamad ...
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Poland: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878397 / Angielski / Miękka / 34 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Poland is a republic with a multi-party democracy. The bicameral parliament consists of an upper house, the Senate (Senat), and a lower house (Sejm). The president, the prime minister, and the council of ministers share executive power. Observers considered the parliamentary elections in 2011 free and fair. Prime Minister Donald Tusk, leader of the Civic Platform Party, governed in a coalition with a smaller political party. Authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Security forces did not commit human rights abuses. Among the country's principal human rights problems...
Poland is a republic with a multi-party democracy. The bicameral parliament consists of an upper house, the Senate (Senat), and a lower house (Sejm). ...
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Philippines: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878403 / Angielski / Miękka / 48 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Philippines is a multi-party, constitutional republic with a bicameral legislature. President Benigno S. Aquino III, elected in 2010, began the fourth year of his constitutionally limited six-year term. The May 13 mid-term national elections and October 28 village council elections were generally free and fair, but independent observers noted that vote buying was widespread. Dynastic political families continued to monopolize elective offices at the national and local level. Authorities failed at times to maintain effective control over the security forces. Security forces committed human...
The Philippines is a multi-party, constitutional republic with a bicameral legislature. President Benigno S. Aquino III, elected in 2010, began the fo...
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Peru: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878410 / Angielski / Miękka / 42 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Peru is a constitutional, multi-party republic. Ollanta Humala Tasso of the Peruvian Nationalist Party (part of the Gana Peru electoral alliance) won the June 2011 national elections in a vote widely considered free and fair. Security forces reported to civilian authorities and committed some human rights abuses. The most serious human rights problems included violence against women and children, trafficking in persons, and corruption that undermined the application of the law. The following human rights problems also were reported: harsh prison conditions, abuse of detainees and inmates by...
Peru is a constitutional, multi-party republic. Ollanta Humala Tasso of the Peruvian Nationalist Party (part of the Gana Peru electoral alliance) won ...
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51,54 |
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Sudan: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878809 / Angielski / Miękka / 46 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Sudan is a republic with power concentrated in the hands of authoritarian President Omar Hassan al-Bashir and his inner circle. The National Congress Party (NCP) maintained control of the government, continuing more than 24 years of nearly absolute political authority. The country last held national elections in 2010, the first multi-party elections in 24 years. The elections, which several opposition parties boycotted, did not meet international standards. Observers reported restriction of civil liberties, intimidation, lack of transparency in vote tabulation, and other problems. Voters...
Sudan is a republic with power concentrated in the hands of authoritarian President Omar Hassan al-Bashir and his inner circle. The National Congress ...
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51,54 |
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Sri Lanka: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878816 / Angielski / Miękka / 58 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Sri Lanka is a constitutional, multi-party republic. President Mahinda Rajapaksa was re-elected to a second six-year term in 2010. The Parliament, which was elected in 2010, shares constitutional power with the president. The president's family dominates government. Two of the president's brothers hold key executive branch posts, as defense secretary and economic development minister, and a third brother is the speaker of Parliament. A large number of the president's other relatives, including his son, also serve in important political and diplomatic positions. Independent observers generally...
Sri Lanka is a constitutional, multi-party republic. President Mahinda Rajapaksa was re-elected to a second six-year term in 2010. The Parliament, whi...
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South Sudan: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878823 / Angielski / Miękka / 46 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. South Sudan is a republic operating under a transitional constitution signed into law upon declaration of independence from Sudan in July 2011. The country was led by President Salva Kiir Mayardit, whose authority derives from his 2010 election as president of what was then the semiautonomous region of Southern Sudan within the Republic of Sudan. While the 2010 Sudan-wide elections did not wholly meet international standards, international observers believed that Kiir's election reflected the popular will of a large majority of Southern Sudanese. International observers considered the January...
South Sudan is a republic operating under a transitional constitution signed into law upon declaration of independence from Sudan in July 2011. The co...
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South Africa: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878830 / Angielski / Miękka / 48 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. South Africa is a multi-party parliamentary democracy in which constitutional power is shared between the president and the parliament. In 2009 the country held a largely free and fair election, in which the ruling African National Congress (ANC) won 65.9 percent of the vote and 264 of 400 seats in the National Assembly, which then elected ANC President Jacob Zuma as the country's president. Authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Security forces committed human rights abuses. Principal human rights problems included police use of lethal and excessive force,...
South Africa is a multi-party parliamentary democracy in which constitutional power is shared between the president and the parliament. In 2009 the co...
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51,54 |
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Somalia: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878847 / Angielski / Miękka / 38 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. Somalia has a federal government. In May 2012, as part of the process of completing the 2011 Roadmap for Ending the Transition, clan elders nominated the members of the House of the People of the Federal Parliament. Federal parliament members took office in August 2012. In September 2012 parliament elected Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as president. Former Transitional Federal Government (TFG) president and 2012 presidential candidate Sheikh Sharif described the presidential vote as fair and conceded defeat. The regional governments of the self-declared Republic of Somaliland in the northwest and...
Somalia has a federal government. In May 2012, as part of the process of completing the 2011 Roadmap for Ending the Transition, clan elders nominated ...
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51,54 |
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Slovakia: Human Rights
ISBN: 9781502878854 / Angielski / Miękka / 32 str. Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych. The Slovak Republic is a multiparty parliamentary democracy led by a prime minister and a 150-member parliament (Narodna Rada). Prime Minister Robert Fico heads the Smer-SD (Direction-Social Democracy) party, which secured a majority of seats in the 150-member National Council in the March 2012 early parliamentary elections. President Ivan Gasparovic, the head of state, was re-elected for a five-year term in 2009. Authorities maintained effective control over security forces. Security forces remained committed to curbing human rights abuses. Notable human rights problems during the year...
The Slovak Republic is a multiparty parliamentary democracy led by a prime minister and a 150-member parliament (Narodna Rada). Prime Minister Robert ...
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