Stress conditions stimulate the accumulation of antioxidants in photosynthetic organisms, but can also restrict their normal growth rate. As such, this compilation opens with a two-stage technique for microalgae cultivation that may resolve this problem by separating biomass accumulation and stimulation biosynthesis of I+/--tocopherol. Following this, the authors describe the structural and enzymatic properties of plant PM-H+-ATPases, their regulation and physiological roles. A selective review of the experimental literature concerning the effects of early life stress in brain development is...

Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 172 first discusses the advances in formulations for dermal delivery of alpha-tocopherol. Alpha-tocopherol is the major biologically active homolog of vitamin E in human skin, especially the epidermis, and acts as an important antioxidant. Next, the three components that collaboratively engage in the blood epididymal barrier are reviewed, and their individual contribution to protection of the spermatozoa from the immune system is discussed. This compilation includes information regarding the logistics and personal experiences of two separate National...

Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 170 begins by presenting the latest evidence that Alzheimer's disease-related proteins and their genes play a role in post-ischemic brain damage, and that an ischemic episode is an essential and leading provider of Alzheimer's disease development. The authors go on to review the pathophysiology, symptoms, epidemiology, analysis, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Important issues when appraising and interpreting studies on fertility awareness methods used for avoiding pregnancy are described, and correct clinical applications of fertility awareness...

This volume, comprised of six chapters, presents some of the latest advancements in medicine and biology research. Chapter One investigates six linear traits of three species of beetles in the Southern Siberian and North Caucasus mountains. Chapter Two analyzes the efficiency of surgical treatment of tuberculosis, which remained common in Russia despite the development of efficient and less invasive drug therapies. Chapter Three summarizes the literature on temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis. Chapter Four discusses the neuroprotective effects of some of the most used nutraceutical...

Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 174 first provides a systematic review of the synthetic route and biological activities associated with 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The authors discuss recent advances in understanding the enantioselective separation and biological activities of the naturally occurring chiral compounds of essential oils. Subsequently, orthobiologics are discussed in the context of their potential in the management of early osteoarthritis, particularly focusing on the treatment of cartilage injuries. Another study aims to improve...

This compilation comprises 8 chapters, each of which details a recent advancement in medicine and biology. Chapter 1 describes innate immune responses and their role in controlling infections, including the relationship between innate and adaptive immune responses during infections. Chapter 2 focuses on the structural characteristics of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-I(2)) and its diverse biological activities in cancer signaling pathways and presents current information about the role of TGF-I(2) in cancer cell signaling. Chapter 3 summarizes several preceding articles on invasive...

In the first chapter, the authors intend to carry on a critical review of the different methods and approaches to determine the biomechanical output of joint stiffness, designated as dynamic joint stiffness by the authors. The second chapter summarizes several preceding articles on invasive procedures applied with questionable clinical indications in the former Soviet Union. The aim of the third chapter is to give information about how to use tacrolimus, in which type of glomerulonephritis and what are the treatment results, especially remission and relapse rates. In the fourth chapter, a...

This monograph consists of six chapters, each describing recent advancements in medicine and biology. Chapter One details the use of radiology as an imaging method in diagnosis and risk-assessment of osteoporosis. Chapter Two describes research that aims to better understand the mechanisms involved in the onset of extrapyramidal side effects following treatment with antipsychotics. Chapter Three deals with issues related to endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), including diagnosis, endoknives, procedure, traction method, management of complications, and more. Chapter Four discusses ESD in...

This edited volume contains six chapters that each describe recent advancements in medicine and biology. Chapter One summarizes recent discoveries regarding the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D3 on human health with an emphasis on the interplay of transcription factors and reviews the most recent recommendations based on new clinical evidence for vitamin D3 dosages for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Chapter Two focuses on idiopathic membranous nephropathy, the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults who do not suffer from diabetes mellitus. Chapter Three details the...

This edited volume includes eight chapters, each of which describe recent advances in medicine and biology. Chapter One discusses dietary recommendations and beneficial compounds, such as vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytochemicals to aid the management of abnormal lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women. Chapter Two discusses the role of viral infection and features from the host that take part in the development of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Chapter Three analyzes the effects of caffeine and coffee consumption on airways and lung function, particularly...