The risk of dental caries can be estimated by analysing and integrating several causative factors. In daily practice, caries risk assessment is determined to assess the individual case's risk, to identify the main causative factors and to recommend specific preventative measures for that existent's requirements. Caries risk assessments during treatment can serve as a monitoring aid for the success of the treatment. They are veritably useful for screening populations in community preventative programmes by relating caries-prone children who need further ferocious preventative care.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease harming teeth's support tissues due to specific microbes, causing the slow erosion of ligament and bone, resulting in pocket formation, recession, or both. Periodontal infection is initiated by specific invasive oral pathogens that colonize dental plaque biofilms on the tooth surface, and the host immune response to inflammation plays a central role in disease pathogenesis. There is an equilibrium that exists between microbial challenge and the host's immune response; any alteration to that with the addition of other modifying factors is responsible...