Air pollution substances such as CO, HC, NOx and PM are well known undesirable combustion products exhausted from internal combustion engine vehicle. Since the technology is advancing, those exhaust emissions are tremendously reduced. Then interior HC emissions and brake wear PM become relatively high levels that cannot be ignored comparing with tail pipe emissions. Fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emission are two main issues of energy problem. Electric vehicle has a potential to solve the energy and global warming problems. However recent report on vehicle LCA shows that the electric vehicle...

Energy security and resilience issues are serious problems for many countries. On the other hand, carbon neutral fuel is now being developed to reduce the CO2 emission but its role for energy security is not yet discussed. Electricity is a comfortable energy carrier but its security has many vulnerability points. In this article, fuel stockpile and flexible utilization are discussed on fossil fuel, carbon neutral fuel, and electricity. Further role of internal combustion engine is re-considered as a prime mover of high resilient vehicle using flexible energy source. Finally, carbon neutral...

Engine technology was mainly developed in mechanical engineering field and fuel technology was treated in the field of chemical petroleum engineering. Both were different engineering but have deep relationship. However there is little information transfer from petroleum engineering field to combustion engine field. Engineers in the engine field need more information concerning the fuel. This review article is edited to clear up the fuel technology for engine, and consists of following chapters: 1) Fuel for Internal Combustion Engine, 2) Crude Oil, 3) LPG, 4) Natural Gas, 5) Biomass Fuel, 6)...