Die Lehren des Weisen Aurobindo und die philosophischen Gedanken der alten indischen Tradition sind wunderschön, weil sie das menschliche Leben und das Leben aller Menschen verändern. Wenn alle Menschen voll bewusst sind, wenn alle Menschen entwickelt sind, dann werden die gegnerischen Kräfte und die äußeren Kräfte nicht in der Lage sein, sie zu besiegen. Dann wird das Land unabhängig werden, die Welt wird selbständig werden. Diese Bildung ist das Größte. Vom Standpunkt der Bildung aus gesehen, sehen wir, dass Aurobindos Philosophie nicht darin besteht, die indische Philosophie zu...

Adi-Hinduism was primarily twofold. First, Adi-Hinduism challenged the imposition of specific 'low' social roles, functions and occupations on untouchables based on their ritual status. Adi-Hinduism directly responded to the constraints that untouchables encountered in urban society in achieving economic and social advancement. Its emphasis was less on caste oppression or exploitation, which may have been the chief concern if the movement had emerged in rural areas. It was more on ritual exclusion, directly relevant to the urban untouchables. To challenge the exclusion of untouchables, the...

Les mouvements dalits sont dominés par la classe moyenne et soulèvent des questions liées à l'identité et aux réserves concernant les emplois gouvernementaux et les positions politiques. La pratique de l'intouchabilité et de la discrimination est largement revendiquée au niveau local. Leurs luttes ont permis aux Dalits de figurer à l'ordre du jour de la politique générale. Dans les milieux universitaires, les mouvements ont forcé une partie des intellectuels à revoir d'un oeil critique non seulement les traditions et la culture indiennes, mais aussi les paradigmes de la...

Debendranath did not like British interference in education and religion. He was terrified of British domination in various spheres of Bengali life. He was pretty alert and vocal about the possibility of the decline of Bengal. So, one by one, Tattvabodhini Patrika, Tattvabodhini Pathshala, and Hindu Hitarthi Vidyalaya were established by him. His enthusiasm for women's education was also noticeable. Preaching religion and devotion to faith always kept him worried. In a letter to his friend Raj Shekhar Bose, he expressed his views on such propaganda and devotion to religion which was mentioned...

The place of mathematics is just after the mother tongue in the world. The words, sentences, and thoughts men use to express their conceptions, debate, and prove themselves logically are used mathematically. Otherwise, everything would seem baseless, pointless, or thoughtless. One whose mathematical conception is clear is good in debates, quizzes, and question-answers. Besides, whatever indigenous people do, folk people do mathematically. One who is weak in mathematics is known as immature; one who can solve all mathematical problems; one who can study future mathematics; one who can guess...

Die Dalit-Bewegungen werden von ihrer Mittelschicht dominiert, die Fragen der Identität und Vorbehalte gegenüber staatlichen Stellen und politischen Positionen aufwirft. Auf lokaler Ebene wird in großem Umfang gegen die Praxis der Unberührbarkeit und Diskriminierung gekämpft. Ihre Kämpfe haben die Dalits auf die Tagesordnung der Mainstream-Politik gebracht. In akademischen Kreisen haben die Bewegungen einen Teil der Intellektuellen gezwungen, nicht nur die indischen Traditionen und die Kultur, sondern auch die Paradigmen der Moderne und des Marxismus kritisch zu überprüfen. Sie haben...

The social inequalities and injustices, the cruelties of the social order, have weakened Indian society. The fight against Untouchability was historic, spearheaded by Mahatma Gandhi and Dr Ambedkar in the face of entrenched obscurantism. Strong support for the removal of Untouchability, alleviation of poverty, ending of disgraceful occupations that offended human dignity, and spreading literacy and awareness were the result of social reform movements that commenced long before the Independence. The social reform movements by Swami Vivekananda, Shri Narayana Guru, Mahatma Phule, Dr. Ambedkar,...

The Dalit movements are dominated by their middle class, raising issues related to identity and reservations about government jobs and political positions. There is a widespread local-level assertion against the practice of untouchability and discrimination. Their struggles have brought Dalits to the agenda of mainstream politics. In academic circles, the movements have forced a section of intellectuals to critically review not only Indian traditions and culture but also the paradigms of modernity and Marxism. They have exploded the number of myths created by Brahminical ideology. The Dalit...