The separation of the Endodontic Instruments from the root canal is one of the most common Endodontic errors. The separation has an impact on the root canal therapy's final outcome. It obstructs effective debridement and shaping techniques, as well as irrigation of the canal region apical to the obstruction level. It also inhibits the root canal system from being sealed in three dimensions. When bypassing such a fragment becomes impossible, mechanical devices should be used to extract it. The instruments removal system is one such device for removing intracanal metallic obstacles in an...

Die Trennung der endodontischen Instrumente vom Wurzelkanal ist einer der häufigsten endodontischen Fehler. Die Abtrennung hat Auswirkungen auf das Endergebnis der Wurzelkanalbehandlung. Sie behindert wirksame Débridement- und Formgebungstechniken sowie die Spülung der Kanalregion apikal der Obstruktionsebene. Es verhindert auch, dass das Wurzelkanalsystem dreidimensional versiegelt wird. Wenn die Umgehung eines solchen Fragments nicht möglich ist, sollte es mit mechanischen Geräten extrahiert werden. Das Instrumentenentfernungssystem ist ein solches Gerät zur orthograden Entfernung von...

La séparation des instruments endodontiques du canal radiculaire est l'une des erreurs endodontiques les plus courantes. Cette séparation a un impact sur le résultat final du traitement canalaire. Elle entrave l'efficacité des techniques de débridement et de mise en forme, ainsi que l'irrigation de la région canalaire apicale au niveau de l'obstruction. Il empêche également le système canalaire d'être scellé en trois dimensions. Lorsque le contournement d'un tel fragment devient impossible, des dispositifs mécaniques doivent être utilisés pour l'extraire. Le système de retrait...

Nanotechnology holds promise for advanced diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and biosensors. In the long term, medical nanorobots will allow instant pathogen diagnosis and extermination, individual cell surgery in vivo, and improvement of natural physiological function. Current research is focusing on fabrication of nanostructures, nanoactuators, and nanomotors, along with means to assemble them into larger systems, economically and in great numbers. Nanotechnology creates incredibly useful structures from individual atoms or molecules, which provides a new alternative and a possibly...

The alternative of including artificial gingiva as a predictable treatment option for fixed partial restoration in patient with severe ridge defect. diagnosis and treatment planning for artificial gingiva from inception are most important for the successful outcome of every technique and may allow the team to plan a less invasive esthetic approach in any patient, decrease the number of clinical procedures and the time required for vertical ridge augmentation with commercially available materials to reproduce natural esthetic restoration.

Accurately diagnosing and treating TMDs can be a difficult and confusing task. Many patients have symptoms associated with more than one disorder and these relationships can make diagnosis and treatment decisions very difficult. This is often true primarily because patient's symptoms do not always fit into one classification. In many instances several classifications seem to be appropriate because in reality the patient is suffering from more than one disorder. In many patients, one disorder contributes to another. The interrelationship of the various TMDs always needs to be considered in the...