ISBN-13: 9786204955193 / Angielski / Miękka / 120 str.
The separation of the Endodontic Instruments from the root canal is one of the most common Endodontic errors. The separation has an impact on the root canal therapy's final outcome. It obstructs effective debridement and shaping techniques, as well as irrigation of the canal region apical to the obstruction level. It also inhibits the root canal system from being sealed in three dimensions. When bypassing such a fragment becomes impossible, mechanical devices should be used to extract it. The instruments removal system is one such device for removing intracanal metallic obstacles in an orthograde manner.