Reinforcement of materials by fibres with high tensile stiffness and strength allows the production of composite materials of high strength and toughness. Understanding the basic principles underlying this ability for reinforcement is critical to achieving desired properties in engineering fibre composite materials. In recent decades, technological advancements have enabled the structural properties of fibre composites to be investigated at different length scales, providing new insights. These investigations involved computer modelling using techniques such as finite element analysis and...