This study transmits the findings of our evaluation of the U.S. Department of the Interior's (DOl) Offshore Renewable Energy Program. We reviewed DOl's ongoing and proposed offshore renewable energy projects, budget and resource planning, process for establishing and collecting renewable energy fees, and inspection and enforcement planning. We found that DOl does not have updated regulations or detailed standard operating procedures for the Program's internal processes. We also found that Secretarial Order 3299, which initially placed the Program's inspection and enforcement function within...

This book seeks to determine under what conditions an operational commander might employ strategic airpower in his campaign design. This journey begins first by exploring the linkage between strategy, operations, and tactics. Next, U.S. Army and Air Force doctrines are compared for terminology and conceptual similarities, with particular emphasis on indivisible airpower and long-range bombers in the role of operational fires. Finally, four historical case studies - Operations Overlord, Cobra, Niagara (Khe Sanh), and Desert Storm - are analyzed for conditions in which previous commanders have...

This book is an examination of the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS). It describes the international relations theory of constructivism, which is focused on the role of normative structure in the actions of a state. Normative structure consists of behavioral norms and identity. Liberal and realist theoretical frameworks cannot adequately explain the fact that HAMAS continues to behave like a resistance movement despite the fact that the 2006 Legislative Election has provided it with an avenue for change. The Constructivist approach points to an examination of the group's...

Bulk petroleum products are vital to every facet of U.S. Army operations. Even the smallest and "lightest" units rely on the Army's Combat Service Support system to provide them with the fuels needed for ground mobility and CSS operations. What means will logisticians use to transport the needed fuel to the fighting units of a corps in an immature theater? Fuel transport methods available to the planner may include pipelines, railway tank cars, inland waterways, motor trucks and combinations of these modes. Each method's characteristics and capacities indicate its suitability in a given area...

The Building communities of Trust (BcoT) initiative focuses on developing relationships of trust between law enforcement, state and major urban area fusion centers, and the communities they serve, particularly immigrant and minority communities, to address the challenges of crime control and prevention of terrorism. Being effective in these areas requires meaningful sharing of information and collaboration among law enforcement agencies, and between the community and police. The role of the community, together with law enforcement and fusion centers, is crucially important to safeguarding our...

This book gives leaders the tools to navigate the harsh realities of speaking to the public, media, partners and stakeholders during an intense public-safety emergency, including terrorism. In a crisis, the right message at the right time is a "resource multiplier"-it helps response officials get their job done. Many of the predictable harmful individual and community behaviors can be mitigated with effective crisis and emergency risk communication. Each crisis will carry its own psychological baggage. A leader must anticipate what mental stresses the population will be experiencing and apply...

Widely held views of military-press relations in the United States rest upon an incomplete image of the past. This became overwhelmingly evident during the recent Gulf War with its generalizations about the experience of the Vietnam War. This book seeks to correct such failings through a brief discussion of the role the First Amendment guarantee of freedom of the press has played regarding U.S. national security interests, followed by a thorough description of military-press relations in the 19th and 20th centuries. (qhirf emphasis is upon American war since 1965, with an analysis of press...

Operations DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM were superb examples of the application of military power in support of national policy. Vital U.S. and international interests were protected, and the goals of the international coalition were achieved. This book examines operations executed in the Persian Gulf War from two unique perspectives. First, the author participated in the majority of events described. Second, the author considers not only the U.S. viewpoint but also describes how some of Saddam Hussein's actions were analyzed as they pertained to various situations. The purpose of this book is...

The current political and social turmoil in the erstwhile Soviet Union challenges the U.S. to devise new methods for effectively dealing with Russia and the independent republics of the Commonwealth. Part of this challenge involves the evaluation of the most likely changes arising from the revolution, the most probable course of events, and their implications for U.S. foreign relations. This book argues that the history of Russian liberal reforms has followed a definite pattern, and that an examination of the history of these reforms can provide U.S. foreign policymakers a tool with which to...

Russia expanded into East Asia with flagrant disregard for the interests and concerns of Japan and the ramifications of their actions. Moreover, Russia failed to conduct diplomatic relations with Japan in good faith which added to historical tensions between the two belligerents. Russian and Japanese imperialist aspirations came into conflict from the onset of Russia's entry into the Far East in 1860. Japan repeatedly attempted to negotiate with Russia to no avail. The Sino-Japanese War was caused by Japan's fear of Russian expansion into Korea. With the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Russia robbed...