In this work are considered the statistical structures, questions of their separability and subordination, as well as consistent criteria for checking hypotheses and conditions of their existence. It is known that having a sample we can propose several alternative hypotheses about the theoretical distribution, one of which should be preferred to the others. The task of choosing one from many hypotheses solved building the statistical criteria, usually based on a selection of finite volume infallible conclusions about distribution made can not be, this a risk always exists choose the wrong...