All the biological parameters done from fresh cows' urine of different stages respectively Calves, Pregnant cows, Milking cows. From every stage four cows were selected and urine samples taken at week intervals in early morning time.The pH of cow urine in each stage cow was alkaline with exception in C1 at week-3 and in P2 at week -1 where the pH was 6.93 and 6.97 respectively and EC was highest in calves. Urea and Phenol and amino acid contents found highest in pregnant followed by milch cows than calves. Amylase activity and uric acid were significantly highest in urine of milking cows....

Milk is the basis for a variety of different dairy products including cheese, yogurt, kefir and ice milk. The scientific name for a dairy cow is Bos taurus. Cow milk and its products are basic foodstuffs and constitute an important source of nutrient in the daily diet of humans. The content of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals determine biological and technological properties of milk. The practice of drinking cow's milk is ancient, thought to date back as early as 6,000 - 8,000 B.C. Dairy cows did not make an appearance in America until the early 17th century, when they were...