The common property among turbo-like code is that they consist of very simple constituent codes that are connected to each other with random or pseudorandom interleavers. The crucial novelty in these codes is the iterative decoding. This means that the constituent codes are decoded separately, which is ef?cient and practically feasible since they are very simple codes. Then, they pass new information to each other in a course of a few iterations. It has been shown that iterative decoding is a generalization of the well-known probability or belief propagation algorithm. The belief propagation...