This volume contains the papers presented at the sympo sium on Respiratory Function in Birds, Adult and Erribryonic held in Gottingen, July 28-30, 1977. Some of the manuscripts represent. the papers as delivered, while others are con siderably abridged or extended. An essential part of the symposium was discussion at all levels, from formal discussion remarks with slides to dialogs at the lunch table with scribble on paper napkins. However, no at tempt was made to reproduce any part of the discussion. The symposium was attended by 75 scientists, of varied specializations (physiology, anatomy,...