Proceedings from the International Symposium on Antibiotic Resistance 1979, the fourth volume in the series of material edited from the Smolenice symposium, is a continuation in the tradition of communicating new scientific results on a currently important and interesting problem. It concerns not only human and veterinary medicine and practice, but also such important fields of contemporary biology as molecular biology and genetics. Indeed, in both these disciplines, we have recently noted a strong and dynamic de- velopment of scientific knowledge directed toward such outgrowths of the study...