The ideas of probability are all around us. Lotteries, casino gambling, the al- most non-stop polling which seems to mold public policy more and more- these are a few of the areas where principles of probability impinge in a direct way on the lives and fortunes of the general public. At a more re- moved level there is modern science which uses probability and its offshoots like statistics and the theory of random processes to build mathematical descriptions of the real world. In fact, twentieth-century physics, in embrac- ing quantum mechanics, has a world view that is at its core...