The purpose of this text is to introduce the reader to the science, practice and economics of ladle metallurgy. In recent years ladle metallurgy has become an important component of the overall ironmaking/steel processing operational sequence. Indeed, some form of ladle treatment has become indispensable in modern steelmaking practice. This book provides a comprehensive description of ladle metallurgy practice, together with the underlying fundamentals and the process economics. The material provides a synthesis of recent published information on the subject. The combined expertise of the...

In recent years it has been recognized that tundishes playa critical role in affecting the quality of the finished steel products. Furthermore, proper tundish design may be even more important in the development of the novel continuous casting pro cesses that are now in varying stages of realizatic)ll. Traditionally, physical modeling has played a key role in tundish design, but the recently evolved computational software packages, the readily accessible computa tional hardware, and, perhaps most important, the growing experience with tackling a broad range of computational fluid flow...