This volume on intraindividual processes is one of a set of four handbooks in the social psychology field and covers social cognition, attitudes, and attribution theory.

• Includes contributions by academics and other experts from around the world to ensure a truly international perspective.
  
• Provides a comprehensive overview of classic and current research and likely future trends.
  
• Fully referenced chapters and bibliographies allow easy access to further study.
  
• Now available in full text online via xreferplus, the...

This text introduces the logic of conversation developed by Paul Grice, who proposed the cooperative principle and a set of maxims on which conversationalists rely. This framework is applied to topics including: research on person perception; decision making; and public opinion research.

Increasingly used in social and behavioral science research, implicit measures aim to assess attitudes that respondents may not be willing to report directly, or of which they may not even be aware. This timely book brings together leading investigators to review currently available procedures and offer practical recommendations for their implementation and interpretation.

Contingent valuation (CV) measures what is called passive use value or existence value. The CV method has been used to measure the benefits of environmental policy actions. CV measures of economic value rely on choice. In CV studies, choices are posed to people in surveys; analysts then use the responses to these choice questions to construct monetary measures of value. The specific mechanism used to elicit respondents' choices can take a variety of forms, including asking survey respondents whether they would purchase, vote, or pay for a program or some other well-defined object of choice....

Dass Stimmungsschwankungen die Beurteilungen des eigenen Lebens beeinflussen konnen, ist eine Alltagserfahrung. Eine fundierte Analyse zur Rolle emotionaler Zustande in der Urteilsbildung liegt jetzt vor: Der Autor hat verschiedene Ansatze zur Wechselwirkung von Emotion und Kognition gegenubergestellt und in Labor- sowie Feldexperimenten getestet. Die Befunde haben gezeigt, dass Personen bei der Beurteilung ihrer Lebenszufriedenheit ihre momentane Stimmung als Information berucksichtigen und in der gleichen Weise wie eine andere, externe Information verarbeiten. Aus diesem Ergebnis leitet...

Survey researchers have long been aware that the way in which questions are asked determines the obtained responses. However, the exact processes that mediate response effects remained elusive. In the present volume, cognitive psychologists and survey methodologists explore the cognitive processes that underlie respondents' answers to survey questions. The contributors provide an introduction to information processing theories for survey researchers, review current knowledge of response effects in the light of recent theorizing in cognitive psychology, and report a number of experimental...

Autobiographical Memory and the Validity of Retrospective Reports presents the collaborative efforts of cognitive psychologists and research methodologists in the area of autobiographical memory. The editors have included an esteemed group of researchers whose work covers a wide range of issues related to autobiographical memory and the validity of retrospective reports, reflecting the diverse traditions in cognitive psychology and survey research. The first part of the book provides different theoretical perspectives on retrospective reports, along with supporting experimental...

0 e The contributors to this book review our current knowledge of context effects in survey research, psychological testing, and social judgement. Drawing on recent developments in cognitive psychology, they offer theoretical accounts of the conditions that lead to the emergence of various context effects and report a number of new experimental studies. At stake now are clear, practical needs in the structuring of reliable tests, and a strong interest to develop a coherent theoretical framework to assess and scrutinize context effects, in addition to the desire to align some of the findings...

Contingent valuation (CV) measures what is called passive use value or existence value. The CV method has been used to measure the benefits of environmental policy actions. CV measures of economic value rely on choice. In CV studies, choices are posed to people in surveys; analysts then use the responses to these choice questions to construct monetary measures of value. The specific mechanism used to elicit respondents' choices can take a variety of forms, including asking survey respondents whether they would purchase, vote, or pay for a program or some other well-defined object of choice....

Psychological research into human cognition and judgment reveals a wide range of biases and shortcomings. Whether we form impressions of other people, recall episodes from memory, report our attitudes in an opinion poll, or make important decisions, we often get it wrong. The errors made are not trivial and often seem to violate common sense and basic logic. A closer look at the underlying processes, however, suggests that many of the well known fallacies do not necessarily reflect inherent shortcomings of human judgment. Rather, they partially reflect that research participants bring the...