There are good reasons to believe that nonstandard analysis, in some ver- sion or other, will be the analysis of the future. KURT GODEL This book is a compilation and development of lecture notes written for a course on nonstandard analysis that I have now taught several times. Students taking the course have typically received previous introductions to standard real analysis and abstract algebra, but few have studied formal logic. Most of the notes have been used several times in class and revised in the light of that experience. The earlier chapters could be used as the basis of a course at...

A classic introduction to mathematical logic from the perspective of category theory, this text is suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students and accessible to both philosophically and mathematically oriented readers. Its approach moves always from the particular to the general, following through the steps of the abstraction process until the abstract concept emerges naturally.
Beginning with a survey of set theory and its role in mathematics, the text proceeds to definitions and examples of categories and explains the use of arrows in place of set-membership. The...

Now revised and significantly expanded, this textbook introduces modal logic and examines the relevance of modal systems for theoretical computer science. Goldblatt sets out a basic theory of normal modal and temporal propositional logics, including issues such as completeness proofs, decidability, first-order definability, and canonicity. The basic theory is then applied to logics of discrete, dense, and continuous time; to the temporal logic of concurrent programs involving the connectives henceforth, next, and until; and to the dynamic logic of regular programs. New material for the second...

This book examines the geometrical notion of orthogonality, and shows how to use it as the primitive concept on which to base a metric structure in affine geometry. The subject has a long history, and an extensive literature, but whatever novelty there may be in the study presented here comes from its focus on geometries hav- ing lines that are self-orthogonal, or even singular (orthogonal to all lines). The most significant examples concern four-dimensional special-relativistic spacetime (Minkowskian geometry), and its var- ious sub-geometries, and these will be prominent throughout. But the...

There are good reasons to believe that nonstandard analysis, in some ver- sion or other, will be the analysis of the future. KURT GODEL This book is a compilation and development of lecture notes written for a course on nonstandard analysis that I have now taught several times. Students taking the course have typically received previous introductions to standard real analysis and abstract algebra, but few have studied formal logic. Most of the notes have been used several times in class and revised in the light of that experience. The earlier chapters could be used as the basis of a course at...