Probing the social repercussions of the industrial development of South Carolina in the decades following Reconstruction, David L. Carlton's Mill and Town in South Carolina, 1880-1920, tells of the conflict that erupted between the rising middle class of the South's small towns and the rural white who came to labor in the towns' burgeoning textile mills. The townsmen who built the mills initially expected no social friction to result from industrialization, since the work force was to consist entirely of white "Anglo-Saxons" like themselves. However, as thousands of rural whites moved into...