Contingent valuation (CV) measures what is called passive use value or existence value. The CV method has been used to measure the benefits of environmental policy actions. CV measures of economic value rely on choice. In CV studies, choices are posed to people in surveys; analysts then use the responses to these choice questions to construct monetary measures of value. The specific mechanism used to elicit respondents' choices can take a variety of forms, including asking survey respondents whether they would purchase, vote, or pay for a program or some other well-defined object of choice....
Contingent valuation (CV) measures what is called passive use value or existence value. The CV method has been used to measure the benefits of environ...
Real-time systems are now used in a wide variety of applications. Conventionally, they were configured at design to perform a given set of tasks and could not readily adapt to dynamic situations. The concept of imprecise and approximate computation has emerged as a promising approach to providing scheduling flexibility and enhanced dependability in dynamic real-time systems. The concept can be utilized in a wide variety of applications, including signal processing, machine vision, databases, networking, etc. For those who wish to build dynamic real-time systems which must deal safely...
Real-time systems are now used in a wide variety of applications. Conventionally, they were configured at design to perform a given set of tasks and c...
This second edition of Stochastic Dominance is devoted to investment decision making under uncertainty. The book covers four basic approaches to this process: a) The stochastic dominance (SD) approach, developed on the foundation of von-Neumann and Morgenstem DEGREES expected utiHty paradigm. b) The mean-variance approach developed by Markowitz DEGREES on the foundation of von-Neumann and Morgenstern's expected utility or simply on the assumption of a utility function based on mean and variance. c) The "almost" stochastic dominance (ASD) rules and the "almost" me- variance rule (AMV). No...
This second edition of Stochastic Dominance is devoted to investment decision making under uncertainty. The book covers four basic approaches to this ...
The September 11, 2001 terrorism attack on the United States has led government officials to rethink anti-terrorism policies and researchers to assess the implications for the study of risk and uncertainty. This book draws on the expertise of eminent researchers in several risk-related fields to assess three substantive areas of concern - risk beliefs, insurance market effects, and policy responses.
The risk belief analyses consider several key questions. How do people think about the risks of terrorism? What are their attitudes toward these risks? To what extent are these low...
The September 11, 2001 terrorism attack on the United States has led government officials to rethink anti-terrorism policies and researchers to ass...
A color time-varying image can be described as a three-dimensional vector (representing the colors in an appropriate color space) defined on a three-dimensional spatiotemporal space. In conventional analog television a one-dimensional signal suitable for transmission over a communication channel is obtained by sampling the scene in the vertical and tem poral directions and by frequency-multiplexing the luminance and chrominance informa tion. In digital processing and transmission systems, sampling is applied in the horizontal direction, too, on a signal which has been already scanned in the...
A color time-varying image can be described as a three-dimensional vector (representing the colors in an appropriate color space) defined on a three-d...
This text focuses on insurance as a tool for addressing risk, as opposed to government benefit programs or involuntary liability using the court system. It examines the public policy and economic nature of insurance, the insurability of risks and applies this to three environmental examples.
This text focuses on insurance as a tool for addressing risk, as opposed to government benefit programs or involuntary liability using the court syste...
Economic values are increasingly used in policy analysis and legal settings. With the growing recognition that many of the things that benefit or harm people are outside the market system, have come increasing efforts to develop nonmarket valuation techniques. One such technique is the contingent valuation method (CVM). CVM seeks to value environmental and other nonmarket goods and services by asking individuals about their values using survey methods. These procedures are different from the revealed-preference' methods that economists have historically employed to estimate economic values....
Economic values are increasingly used in policy analysis and legal settings. With the growing recognition that many of the things that benefit or harm...
Over the past two decades, economic theory has extended its field of application to non-market goods such as environmental resources and health. Although it is impossible to assign a price to these goods on the basis of market mechanisms alone, the fact that they have no price does not mean that they have no value. One technique in which economists have shown a marked interest is the contingent valuation method (CVM), which has mainly been used to assign a monetary value to environmental goods. It was first applied to natural resources used for recreational purposes. CVM has been applied to...
Over the past two decades, economic theory has extended its field of application to non-market goods such as environmental resources and health. Altho...
For people interested in risk management, medical activity represents a stimulating field of study and thought. On the one hand, progress in medical knowledge and technology tends to reduce the risks to survival that individuals would face in the absence of appropriate diagnostic or therapeutic instruments. On the other hand, new medical technologies simultaneously create their own specific risks, sometimes simply because their effects are less well-known than those of established ones. In a sense any medical progress simultaneously generates new risks while destroying old ones. Moreover,...
For people interested in risk management, medical activity represents a stimulating field of study and thought. On the one hand, progress in medica...
Decisions, Games and Markets is designed to stimulate new developments in decision theory, game theory and general equilibrium theory, as well as in their applications to economics. The book is divided into three parts - Decision Theory, Game Theory, and the Theory of Markets. Though its orientation is primarily methodological, some articles are more applied. The consistent use of formal analysis and methodological individualism constitutes the unifying theme of the book. Decisions, Games and Markets will be of considerable interest to both students and teachers of...
Decisions, Games and Markets is designed to stimulate new developments in decision theory, game theory and general equilibrium theory, as wel...
