The trend towards miniaturisation of microelectronic devices and the search for exotic new optoelectronic devices based on multilayers confer a crucial role on semiconductor interfaces. Great advances have recently been achieved in the elaboration of new thin film materials and in the characterization of their interfacial properties, down to the atomic scale, thanks to the development of sophisticated new techniques. This book is a collection of lectures that were given at the International Winter School on Semiconductor Interfaces: Formation and Properties held at the Centre de Physique des...

My dear friends, I am very pleased and honored to give the opening address in the first Nishinomiya-Yukawa Memorial Symposium on Theoretical Physics. Nishi nomiya City wishes to extend a warm and sincere welcome to the many participants here in this Symposium. Nishinomiya is the city where Dr. Hideki Yukawa (1907-1981) was living when he published the famous paper "On the Interactions of Elementary Particles. I" in 1935. For this work he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1949. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of his meson theory, our city has started the "Nishinomiya-Yukawa Memorial...

This book contains the proceedings of the International Meeting on Confined Excitons held in Rome in April 1987. The aim of the meeting was to discuss excitons confined in a variety of systems from semi-infinite solids to quantum wells. In the part on excitons in semi-infinite solids, the long-running discussion on exciton reflectance, involving the concepts of additional boundary conditions and the dead layer, is summarized and extended. The papers on excitons in thin films and in "thick" quantum wells bridge the gap between semi-infinite semiconductors and the usual quantum wells,...

This book is the proceedings of a workshop on problems at the interface between elementary particle and nuclear physics. It deals with experimental and theoretical developments in the investigation of hadrons and nuclei and in the study of their interactions at low and high energies, including nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics, quark confinement, hadron spectroscopy, hadronic interactions, strange particles, hypernuclei, structure functions of nucleons and nuclei, antiproton annihilation on nucleons and nuclei, quark-gluon plasmas and heavy-ion collisions. Plans for new accelerators are...

Many macroscopic properties of materials are determined primarily by inhomogeneous structures and textures. These intermediate-scale structures often arise from competing interactions operating on different length scales within the material. Our understanding of such phenomena has increased substantially with the identification and theoretical description of solid-state materials with incommensurate and long-period modulated phases, such as ferroelectrics, charge-density-wave compounds, epitaxial layers and polytypes. Experimental diagnosis of inhomogeneous ground states and metastable phases...

This book contains the invited review papers and contributed papers presented at the University of Tokyo International Symposium on Anderson localization. It provides an overview of rapidly developing topics related to this area, including the metal-insulator transition in doped semiconductors and disordered metals, weak localization phenomena in two- and three-dimensional dirty metals and semiconductor space-charge layers, the quantum Hall effect, and localization in strong magnetic fields, together with the newer subjects of quasicrystals and mesoscopic systems. Quasicrystals are...

Coherent sources in the short wavelength region are developing rapidly. They are expected to find many applications in the areas of atomic physics, photochemistry, photobiology, spectroscopy, microprocessing and microelectronics. The contributions to this book describe recent progress in this field, including new results on X-ray lasers and scaling to shorter wavelengths, free electron lasers using storage rings and induction linacs, excimer lasers, laser fusion research using short wavelength lasers, and applications to X-ray holography, X-ray lithography, and photochemistry. The papers...

ill the past three decades there has been enonnous progress in identifying the es sential role that "nonlinearity" plays in physical systems. Classical nonlinear wave equations can support localized, stable "soliton" solutions, and nonlinearities in quantum systems can lead to self-trapped excitations, such as polarons. Since these nonlinear excitations often dominate the transport and response properties of the systems in which they exist, accurate modeling of their effects is essential to interpreting a wide range of physical phenomena. Further, the dramatic de velopments in "deterministic...

The idea of a workshop devoted to the static and dynamic properties of liquids arose from two smaller meetings on the same topic held at the Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft, The Netherlands in 1985 and 1987, and from the LAM conference (International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals) held at Garmisch Partenkirchen, FRG, in 1986. The object of the Workshop was to bring together experimentalists, theoreticians and people working on computer simulations in or der to learn about developments in the microscopic behaviour of liquids. Approx imately 35 scientists from Austria, France,...

This volume contains contributions based on the lectures delivered at the Fifth International Symposium on Quantum Optics. This Conference, the fifth in a tri- ennial series hosted in New Zealand, was held in Rotorua, 13-17 February 1989. The Conference was attended by 75 participants from New Zealand, Australia, Japan, USA, France, Italy and Germany. There was also a high level of par- ticipation from graduate students from New Zealand and Australia, who greatly benefitted from the opportunity to attend world-class conferences. The partici- pants were housed in the Hyatt Hotel and...