The philosophy of cognitive science has recently become one of the most exciting and fastest growing domains of philosophical inquiry and analysis. Until the early 1980s, nearly all of the models developed treated cognitive processes -- like problem solving, language comprehension, memory, and higher visual processing -- as rule-governed symbol manipulation. However, this situation has changed dramatically over the last half dozen years. In that period there has been an enormous shift of attention toward connectionist models of cognition that are inspired by the network-like architecture of...

The contributors to this volume apply a developmental focus to their examination of one of the most widely agreed upon classifications of behavior disorders in child psychopathology -- internalizing and externalizing expressions of dysfunction. The research reported spans a wide range from infancy through young adulthood and from normalcy through severe psychopathology. These current investigations demonstrate that the implications of utilizing the developmental approach for the evolution of theory, research, and intervention are vast.

Signal detection theory - as developed in electrical engineering and based on statistical decision theory - was first applied to human sensory discrimination 40 years ago. The theoretical intent was to provide a valid model of the discrimination process; the methodological intent was to provide reliable measures of discrimination acuity in specific sensory tasks. An analytic method of detection theory, called the relative operating characteristic (ROC), can isolate the effect of the placement of the decision criterion, which may be variable and idiosyncratic, so that a pure measure of...

Based on the premise that as organizations become more diverse, the need to recognize and develop talent within others becomes more critical and more complex, this volume attempts to illuminate the issues in diversified mentoring relationships.

The subjects covered in this work include: quantitative models of perceiving and remembering faces; the perfect Gestalt; face spaces and other aspects of face perception; predicting similarity ratings to faces using physical descriptions; and the role of category specific processes.

This monograph presents Dr Luce's understanding of the behavioural properties people exhibit (or should exhibit) when they make selections among alternatives, and how these properties lead to numerical representations of those preferences. It summarizes, and places in historical perspective, the research Luce has done on utility theory since the late 1970s. Included are axiomatic theoretical formulations, experiments designed to test individual assumptions, and analyses of the fit to bodies of data of numerical representations derived from the theory.

Comprising four parts this volume covers: theories of psychophysical judgment; timing and dynamics of human performance; psychophysics of memory; and neural and representational models.

The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new...

This research monograph describes a large programming project in which an underwater organism, capable of perceiving, learning, deciding, and navigating, is computationally simulated. The developed computational model serves as a contemporary theory of perceptual-motor performance, embodying much of what is known about human vision and some of what is known about other cognitive processes. This artificial intelligence project has substantial contributions to make to the development of autonomous underwater vehicles. It also makes a specific theoretical statement about the organization and...

This work admits the validity of the two forms of psychophysical theory by arguing that the same empirical phenomena should be conceptualized in two alternative, apparently contradictory, ways. The complementarity theory stresses the mutually completing nature of two distinct models.