The interest in the problem of surface diffusion has been steadily growing over the last fifteen years. This is clearly evident from the increase in the number of papers dealing with the problem, the development of new experimental techniques, and the specialized sessions focusing on diffusion in national and international meetings. Part of the driving force behind this increasing activity is our recently acquired ability to observe and possibly control atomic scale phenomena. It is now possible to look selectively at individual atomistic processes and to determine their relative importance...

This report presents an account of the course "Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Solids: Advances and Applications" held in Erice, Italy, from June 16 to 30, 1993. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The purpose of this course was to present and discuss physical models, mathematical formalisms, experimental techniques, and applications relevant to the subject of nonlinear spectroscopy of solid state materials. The universal availability and application of lasers in spectroscopy has led to...

Often, a new area of science grows at the confines between recognised subject divisions, drawing upon techniques and intellectual perspectives from a diversity of fields. Such growth can remain unnoticed at first, until a characteristic fami ly of effects, described by appropriate key words, has developed, at which point a distinct subject is born. Such is very much the case with atomic 'giant resonances'. For a start, their name itself was borrowed from the field of nuclear collective resonances. The energy range in which they occur, at the juncture of the extreme UV and the soft X-rays,...

The last two decades have seen unprecedented increases in health care costs and, at the same time, encouraging progress in psychotherapy research. On the one hand, accountability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency have now become commonplace terms for providers of mental health services whereas, on the other hand, an increasingly voluminous literature has emerged supporting the effectiveness of a number of types of psychotherapies. There now exists the possibility for the design and delivery of mental health services that-drawing upon this literature-more closely approximate empirically...

The object of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was to pre- sent a tutorial 'introduction both to the basic physics of recent spectacular advances achieved in the field of metrology and to the determination of fundamental physical constants. When humans began to qualify their description of natural phenomena, metrology, the science of measurement, developed along- side geometry and mathematics. However, flam antiquity to modern times, the role of metrology was mostly restricted to the need of commercial, social or scientific transactions of local or at most national scope. Beginning with the...

This Advanced Study Institute on the topic of SOLID STATE MICROBATTERIES is the third and final institute on the general theme of a field of study now termed "SOLID STATE IONICS." The institute was held in Erice, Sicily, Italy, 3 - 15 July 1988. The objective was to assemble in one location individuals from industry and academia expert in the fields of microelectronics and solid state ionics to determine the feasibility of merging a solid state microbattery with microelectronic memory. Solid electrolytes are in principle amenable to vapor deposition, RF or DC sputtering, and other techniques...

S. Henin Versailles, France It was a pleasure for me to take part in the NATO Advanced Study Workshop for studies of 'Soil Colloids and their Associations in Soil Aggregates'. The meeting provided me with a welcome opportunity to renew acquaintances with respected colleagues in the various fields of Soil Science, to listen to their presentations, and be involved in discussions which were at the frontiers of the science which deals with the structures and the associations of the soil colloidal constituents. In my view the rapid advances in Soil Science, and the great benefits to agriculture...

Research activities in low dimensional conductors have shown a rapid growth since 1972 and have led to the discovery of new and remarkable phy- sical properties unique to both molecular and inorganic conductors exhibi- ting one-dimensional transport behaviour. This NATO Institute was a conti- nuation of aseries of NATO Advanced Study Institutes of Worshops which took place at regular intervals till 1979. This is the first time, however, that charge density wave transport and electronic properties of low dimen- sional organic conductors are treated on an equal footing. The program of the...

Demontrating that the scope of clinincal psychology is much broader than had been previously thought, this new volume illustrates recent achievements in the field and outlines perspectives for futher applications in research and treatment.

The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gases in Solids, held at Bonas, France from 16-22 September 1990, was the fifth in a series of meetings that have been held in this topic area since 1979. The Consultants' Meeting in that year at Harwell on Rare Gas Behaviour in Metals and Ionic Solids was followed in 1982 by the Jiilich Inter- national Symposium on Fundamental Aspects of Helium in Metals. Two smaller meetings have followed-a CECAM organised workshop on Helium Bubbles in Metals was held at Orsay, France in 1986 while in February 1989, a Topical Symposium on...