Atmospheric water plays a key role in climate. Water vapour is the most important greenhouse gas and its condensed forms exert a profound influence on both incoming solar and outgoing infrared radiation. Unfortunately, accurate, height-resolved global-scale measurements of atmospheric humidity are difficult to obtain. The change in concentration of five orders of magnitude form the ground to the stratosphere means there is no standard instrument that will measure everywhere. This has led to different measuring techniques, all with strengths and weaknesses. This book assesses all presently...
Atmospheric water plays a key role in climate. Water vapour is the most important greenhouse gas and its condensed forms exert a profound influence on...
ESA's Venus Express Mission has monitored Venus since April 2006, and scientists worldwide have used mathematical models to investigate its atmosphere and model its circulation. This book summarizes recent work to explore and understand the climate of the planet through a research program under the auspices of the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland. Some of the unique elements that are discussed are the anomalies with Venus' surface temperature (the huge greenhouse effect causes the surface to rise to 460 C, without which would plummet as low as -40 C), its...
ESA's Venus Express Mission has monitored Venus since April 2006, and scientists worldwide have used mathematical models to investigate its atmosphere...
The present book provides a contemporary systematic treatment of shock waves in high-temperature collisionless plasmas as are encountered in near Earth space and in Astrophysics. It consists of two parts. Part I develops the complete theory of shocks in dilute hot plasmas under the assumption of absence of collisions among the charged particles when the interaction is mediated solely by the self-consistent electromagnetic fields. Such shocks are naturally magnetised implying that the magnetic field plays an important role in their evolution and dynamics. This part treats subcritical shocks...
The present book provides a contemporary systematic treatment of shock waves in high-temperature collisionless plasmas as are encountered in near Eart...
An ideal resource for lecturers, this book provides a comprehensive review of experimental space astronomy. The number of astronomers whose knowledge and interest is concentrated on interpreting observations has grown substantially in the past decades; yet, the number of scientists who are familiar with and capable of dealing with instrumentation has dwindled. All of the authors of this work are leading and experienced experts and practitioners who have designed, built, tested, calibrated, launched and operated advanced observing equipment for space astronomy. This book also contains concise...
An ideal resource for lecturers, this book provides a comprehensive review of experimental space astronomy. The number of astronomers whose knowledge ...
Atmospheric water plays a key role in climate. Water vapour is the most important greenhouse gas and its condensed forms exert a profound influence on both incoming solar and outgoing infrared radiation. Unfortunately, accurate, height-resolved global-scale measurements of atmospheric humidity are difficult to obtain. The change in concentration of five orders of magnitude form the ground to the stratosphere means there is no standard instrument that will measure everywhere. This has led to different measuring techniques, all with strengths and weaknesses. This book assesses all presently...
Atmospheric water plays a key role in climate. Water vapour is the most important greenhouse gas and its condensed forms exert a profound influence on...
This book discusses various fields of Far UV spectroscopy, ranging from a catalog of stellar spectra to detailed modeling and measurements of the interplanetary background. It presents various types of data sets and different techniques for calibration.
This book discusses various fields of Far UV spectroscopy, ranging from a catalog of stellar spectra to detailed modeling and measurements of the inte...
This book covers all spectral domains used for observing astrophysical objects and phenomena in space. It presents extensive details on general techniques used in space astronomy, such as calibration, cryogenics in space and laser aligned structures.
This book covers all spectral domains used for observing astrophysical objects and phenomena in space. It presents extensive details on general techni...
This book reviews trends and changes in the exploitation of large amount of Earth Observation data, which happens in a collaborative, cross-disciplinary, and open way, from science to applications, innovation and education. Open Science and Innovation refers to the systematic changes in doing Research, Innovation and Applications driven by the rapid advances in digital technologies combined with a growing demand to do Science for Societyand in Society. Teams of researchers around the world can now easily access a wide range of open data across disciplines and remotely...
This book reviews trends and changes in the exploitation of large amount of Earth Observation data, which happens in a collaborative, cross-discipl...
