This book reflects the state of the art of our understanding of the WNT signaling system, which comprises a network of signaling pathways initiated by the secreted WNT lipoglycoproteins, which are crucial for embryonal development, stem cell regulation, tissue homeostasis and repair. Dysfunction of this evolutionarily conserved signaling system leads to many diseases including developmental disorders, diverse forms of cancer, fibrosis, neurodegenerative disease and many more. The WNT signaling system is built upon 19 mammalian, secreted WNT lipoglycoproteins that interact with a plethora of...

Allergy is the most frequent chronic disease in the 21st century having severe negative effects on health and the economy. The challenge we therefore face in medicine and science incorporates all areas of society – from politics to food industry, from schools to city planning, and many more. This volume informs the reader about continuously ongoing developments in allergy research and their implications for society. The chapter sections cover the immunological mechanisms in allergy on a molecular level, describe the triggers and cures for allergy in detail, entail clinical translation of...

This book covers the latest knowledge in structure, signaling, and biochemical pharmacology of KOR as well as preclinical research and clinical applications (including clinical phase studies and approved for human use) of KOR compounds. It is divided up into the three parts: Molecular aspects of KOR, Preclinical research on pharmacology of KOR agonists and antagonists in animals and KOR agonists and antagonists in clinical use and in past and present clinical trials.The chapters "Biosensors monitor ligand-selective effects at kappa opioid receptors" and "The role of dynorphin and the kappa...

This volume of theHandbook of Experimental Pharmacology, which celebrated its 100thanniversary in 2019, addresses the rapidly growing and evolving field of metabolomics. It has been compiled and designed to broaden and enrich your understanding as well as simplify a complicated picture of the diverse field of metabolomics. This is accomplished by chapters from experts in the field on basic principles as well as reviews and updates of analytical techniques. The variety and different perspectives of the NMR approaches are described in the chapters By David Wishart, Daniel Raftery and Ryan...

This book covers the molecular structures and the cellular and in vivo function of endosomes and lysosomes, i.e. intracellular vesicles which are involved in many cellular processes such as endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, degradation of material from inside (e.g. autophagy) and outside the cell as well as exocytosis. Membranes of endolysosomal organelles contain an amazing number and diversity of ion channels. These ion channels are the topic of the present book that focusses on describing the structure, the biophysical properties, physiological functions of endolysosomal ion channels...