This new edition of R. A. Hudson's Sociolinguistics will be welcomed by students and teachers alike. To reflect changes in the field since publication of the first edition in 1980, the author has added new sections on politeness, accommodation, and prototypes; and he has expanded discussion of sex differences in language use, and the relationship between language and thought. Ample coverage of classic topics such as varieties of language, speech as social interaction, the quantitative study of speech, and linguistic and social inequality, remains.

This book contains the lectures delivered at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, which reviewed current knowledge about the origin and evolution of the chemical elements in the Universe. Written by seven prestigious astrophysics researchers, it covers cosmological and stellar nucleosynthesis, abundance determinations in stars and ionized nebulae, chemical composition of nearby and distant galaxies, and models of chemical evolution of galaxies and intracluster medium.

Recent observations have demonstrated that supernovae and gamma ray bursts are driven by strong jets of energy and other asymmetrical effects that reveal unknown physical properties. This volume highlights the burgeoning era of routine supernova polarimetry and the new insights into core collapse and thermonuclear explosions. Chapters by leading scientists summarize the status of a rapidly developing perspective on stellar explosions in a valuable resource for graduate students and research scientists.

What is the Universe made of? How old is it? How does a supernova explode? Can we detect black holes? And where do cosmic rays originate? This volume provides a comprehensive and pedagogical introduction to modern ideas and challenging problems in nuclear and particle astrophysics. Articles written by eight leading experts cover a wealth of exciting topics. Together, they present the Universe as a laboratory for testing cutting-edge physics. This timely volume successfully bridges the gap between conference proceedings and specialized monographs. It provides an invaluable resource for...

Understanding the formation of objects at all scales in the universe, from galaxy clusters to stars and planets, is a major problem in modern astrophysics, and one of the most exciting challenges of twenty-first century astronomy. Even though they are characterized by different scales, the formation of planets, stars and galaxies share many common physical processes and are rooted in the same underlying domains of physics. This unique reference for graduate students and researchers in astrophysics was the first to cover structure formation on various scales in one volume. This book gathers...

Observations of distant supernovae have recently provided startling evidence of the accelerating expansion of the Universe. The reliability of this finding and its profound implications for both the study of supernovae and cosmology are the subject of this exciting volume. Here, articles by leading experts explore the theory of Type Ia supernovae, observational astronomy, and cosmology. In addition, they examine observational data, the nature of the likely progenitor binary systems, the outburst mechanisms of Type Ia supernovae events, and cosmological implications. This is a unique and...

This book contains the lectures delivered at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, which reviewed current knowledge about the origin and evolution of the chemical elements in the Universe. Written by seven prestigious astrophysics researchers, it covers cosmological and stellar nucleosynthesis, abundance determinations in stars and ionized nebulae, chemical composition of nearby and distant galaxies, and models of chemical evolution of galaxies and intracluster medium.

This authoritative volume is the first to present a comprehensive and up-to-date review of our new understanding of accretion disks around black holes. Interest in black hole accretion disks has undergone a renaissance in recent years because of developments in three complementary areas: theoretical modeling of relativistic plasmas, numerical simulations with supercomputers, and observational tests now possible using new observatories such as the Japanese X-ray satellite, ASCAR. This volume presents review papers on all these topics from leading world authorities who gathered at an...

With the recent advent of large, ground-based telescopes and space telescopes, it is now possible to study in detail stars outside our galaxy--in neighboring galaxies in the so-called Local Group. The VIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics gathered leading experts from around the world to review this exciting new area of research--extragalactic stellar astrophysics. This volume presents eight specially written articles based on the meeting, reviewing how the study of stars in nearby galaxies can be used to understand stellar and galactic structure and evolution in general. This...

Understanding the formation of objects at all scales in the universe, from galaxy clusters to stars and planets, is a major problem in modern astrophysics, and one of the most exciting challenges of twenty-first century astronomy. Even though they are characterized by different scales, the formation of planets, stars and galaxies share many common physical processes and are rooted in the same underlying domains of physics. This unique reference for graduate students and researchers in astrophysics was the first to cover structure formation on various scales in one volume. This book gathers...