The retrieval in 1990 of what is probably the sole surviving copy of Uriel da Costa's book, outlawed and burnt in 1624, is an almost miraculous boon for humanity. Da Costa's "Exame," supplemented by da Silva's "Tratado," merits a prominent place in the history of thought, Judaism and Portuguese Literature.

This volume deals with English Puritan book printing and publishing in the Netherlands, especially in the cities of Amsterdam and Leiden, in the early seventeenth century. Because of censorship in England, many Puritans had to go abroad to have their books printed. Once produced by Dutch presses, the books were shipped, or smuggled, back to England.
The book centers on a body of about 350 Puritanical books, mostly in the English language, printed in the Dutch Republic by Puritan printers in exile or by sympathetic Dutch printers. The book examines the chain of authors, printers,...

The book opens with the most detailed account yet of Thomas Reid's expressionist aesthetic theory, integrating it thoroughly into his metaphysical, epistemological, and metaphilosophical viewpoints, each of which is examined closely in its turn. The book then traces out the influence which Reid, an eighteenth-century Scottish thinker, exercised on nineteenth-century French philosophy, an influence which proves considerable. Victor Cousin, the most significant philosophical figure in post-Napoleonic France, was profoundly impressed by Reid' s thinking. The author demonstrates the depth and...

The Crisis of Courtesy examines the apparent decline of the courtesy-book in Britain after the 16th century and suggests that the matter of courtesy was disseminated into a broad range of literary genres such as poetry, the essay and the novel. The authors highlight the pervasive interest in conduct evinced in Georgian and Victorian literature. They show how it became an important source of inspiration for middle-class writers and artists who were eager to help their readers adapt to a changing society, but preferred to write in a humorous, satirical or imaginative vein rather than in...

The Arts of Friendship focusses on literary representations of three categories of ideal friendship -- Christian, chivalric, and humanistic -- and the writers' strategies of establishing the ethical authority of their contemporary friends and codes on a par with antiquity's amicitia perfecta. The study identifies the extent to which writers acknowledged women as perfect friends. The selected texts under examination include, among others, hagiographies, works of Bernard of Clairvaux and Aelred of Rievaulx, The Quest of the Holy Grail, Thomas' Tristan, the Prose...

Patricians, Professors, and Public Schools argues that the thinking behind efforts to reform American schools in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries emphasized two new ideas--that economic growth and the opportunity it created were more limited than had earlier been thought, and that popular aspirations should be revised downward accordingly. After discussing the thinking that reformers reacted against in the first chapter of the book, later chapters examine those most responsible for these new ideas, especially Felix Adler and John Dewey. These chapters argue that...

The work of Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) consists of mystical highlights, moments of stylistic beauty and traditional exegetical discourse. In contrast to previous studies this book does not limit itself to the historical and devotional side of Bernard, but brings to the fore his stylistic originality. Bernard emerges as a flexible thinker, a great dramatist and an adroit master of language who combines the fixed pattern of monastic life with the vicissitudes of extra-mural events.
On the one hand, Bernard's writings are composed according to the rhythm of the uninterrupted ritual of...

At the climax of one of his most important and comprehensive works, De cessatione legalium, the thirteenth-century theologian and natural philosopher, Robert Grosseteste, uses a musical example to make a point fundamental to the treatise. Music, using time as its material, located between the abstract and the concrete, served as an analogy, thus making a difficult philosophical concept perceptible. In using music as an analogy, Gorsseteste drew upon a long tradition established by Augustine, confirmed within the new Aristotelian reception, and a newly-translated Platonic dialogue. But...

Historical thought, whether it is expressed in writing or through works of art, inevitably contains elements of fiction. Thus in every phase of the development of historical thinking the question arises: were these fictional elements recognized and if so, how was their function perceived? Was any effort made to distinguish between a documented fact and any assumptions or deductions related to it? In examining the past, was it deemed important to curb the free play of imagination or was it thought that any explanation, no matter how fanciful and irrational, was better than none? This is the...

The Renaissance in Scotland is a collection of original essays on a wide range of topics concerning the cultural history of Scotland. The period concerned extends from the late fifteenth through to the early seventeenth century. The individual studies take various aspects of culture as their starting-points: literature; the history of manuscripts and printed books; libraries; the law; the universities; music; education; social, political and ecclesiastical history. The essays, however, all take full account of the larger context provided by the age of humanism and reform, as this was...