This work surveys the philosophies of music of important thinkers in Islam between the ninth and 15th centuries AD. It covers topics including: the physics and aesthetics of sound; the nature of music; its place in the total scheme of things and in human life; the relation between music, astronomy, astrology and meteorology; the relation between music and human feelings, character and behaviour; and the question of whether a good Muslim should be allowed to listen to music at all, and if so, to which sorts. The book traces the influence of Greek - in particular Pythagorean and Aristoxenian -...

The Crisis of Causality deals with the reaction of the Dutch Calvinist theologian Gisbertus Voetius (1589-1676) to the New Philosophy of Rene Descartes (1596-1650). Voetius not only criticised the Cartesian idea of a mechanical Universe; he also foresaw that shifting conceptions of natural causality would make it impossible for theologians to explain the relationship between God and Creation in philosophical terms. This threatened the status of theology as a scientific discipline. Apart from a detailed analysis of the Scholastic and Cartesian notions of causality, the book...

Spinoza Past and Present consists of twelve essays on Benedictus de Spinoza's Jewish background, his views on metaphysics, mathematics, religion and society. Special attention is paid to the various ways in which Spinoza's works have been interpreted from the late seventeenth century to the present day. In particular, Spinoza's recent popularity among advocates of the Radical Enlightenment is discussed: Van Bunge proposes a new interpretation of Spinoza's role in the early Dutch Enlightenment.

It is too often assumed that religious heterodoxy before the Enlightenment led inexorably to intellectual secularisation. Challenging that assumption, this book expands the scope of the enquiry, hitherto concentrated on the relation between heterodoxy and natural philosophy, to include political thought, moral philosophy and the writing of history. Individual chapters are devoted to Grotius, the Dutch Remonstrants and Socinianism, to Hobbes, Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke, Dutch Collegiants and English Unitarians, Giambattista Vico, Conyers Middleton, and David Hume. In their opening essay the...

In Nicolaus Cusanus on Faith and the Intellect, K.M. Ziebart argues convincingly that Cusanus' epistemology was a direct response to late-medieval debates over the relation between faith and reason--one which sought to resolve these debates by introducing a controversially strong integration of philosophy and theology. By examining his works in the context of debates with his peers, Ziebart shows how and why Cusanus came to articulate a theory of knowledge in which faith is posited as inherent to the very structure of mind, as the vis iudiciaria, or power of judgment. This...

In Instruments of the Divinity, Christopher van Ginhoven Rey shows that an important reflection on God's providential praxis animates the foundational documents of the Society of Jesus. Focusing on Saint Ignatius of Loyola's conception of Jesuits as the instruments of a laboring God, the book explores the philosophical and theological roots of the metaphor of the instrument and its place in the social imaginary of the Jesuit order. Close readings of the Spiritual Exercises, the Jesuit Constitutions, and a selection of letters by Ignatius call attention to the existence of a rhetoric of...

Drawing on case studies from the thirteenth to the twentieth centuries, covering Europe and beyond, Collectors' Knowledge: What is Kept, What is Discarded investigates how knowledge was acquired, organized and sometimes lost. It examines collections of texts and objects--libraries, textbooks, miscellanies, commonplace books, data collections pertaining to historical events, encyclopedias, royal and ducal treasures, curiosity cabinets, galleries and museums--to uncover the processes of accumulation, organization, selection and rejection that have shaped learning. The essays emphasize...

An unfamiliar portrait of Renaissance Florence is depicted in this volume where we find not only some celebrated humanist-oriented thinkers but also their scholastic friends and rivals, discussing matters pertaining to moral psychology. The rationale here is to illuminate the shadowlands of Renaissance philosophy and the intellectual history of late 15th-century Italy by bringing into focus the important role played by scholastic thinkers in the Italian Renaissance. Questions and problems regarding e.g. the intellect and the will, evil and conscience, cognition and love are treated through...

Ever since the Middle Ages the Otherworld of Faerie has been the object of serious intellectual scrutiny. What science in the end dismissed as airy nothings was given a local habitation and a name by art. This book presents some of the main chapters from the history and tradition of otherworldly spirits and fairies in the folklore and literature of the British Isles and Northern Europe. In eleven contributions different experts deal with some of the main problems posed by the scholarly and artistic confrontation with the Otherworld, which not only fuelled the imagination, but also led to the...

Peter Abelard (1079-1142) is one of the most diversely gifted people of the Middle Ages. His letter writing, poetry, theology, logic, and ethics deal with almost every aspect of the trivium. This volume surveys his career to show how his extraordinary versatility enchanted and distressed his public. A selection of international specialists addresses the various aspects of Abelard's literary persona. The topics range from Abelard's personal history to his monastic thinking. There are essays on the letter collection, his views on love, ethical problems such as intention and suicide, his poetry...