Current-mode circuits, where information is represented by the branch currents of the circuits rather than the nodal voltages as of voltage-mode circuits, possess many unique and attractive characteristics over their voltage-mode counterparts including a small nodal time constant, high current swing in the presence of a low supply voltage, reduced distor tion, a low input impedance, a high output impedance, less sensitive to switching noise, and better ESD immunity. CMOS current-mode circuits have found increasing applications in telecommunication sys tems, instrumentation, analog signal...
Current-mode circuits, where information is represented by the branch currents of the circuits rather than the nodal voltages as of voltage-mode circu...
In "The gm/ID Methodology, a Sizing Tool for Low-Voltage Analog CMOS Circuits," we compare the semi-empirical to the compact model approach. Small numbers of parameters make the compact model attractive for the model paves the way towards analytic expressions unaffordable otherwise. The E.K.V model is a good candidate, but when it comes to short channel devices, compact models are either inaccurate or loose straightforwardness. Because sizing requires basically a reliable large signal representation of MOS transistors, we investigate the potential of the E.K.V model...
In "The gm/ID Methodology, a Sizing Tool for Low-Voltage Analog CMOS Circuits," we compare the semi-empirical to the compact ...
This book tackles challenges for the design of analog integrated circuits that operate from ultra-low power supply voltages (down to 0.5V). Coverage demonstrates the signal processing circuit and circuit biasing approaches through the design of operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs). These amplifiers are then used to build analog system functions including continuous time filter and a sample and hold amplifier.
This book tackles challenges for the design of analog integrated circuits that operate from ultra-low power supply voltages (down to 0.5V). Coverag...
Postal service has received considerably less attention in the economics literature than traditional public utilities. Postal service is facing some very important challenges arising out of the increasingly high-tech nature of postal service, the entry of competition into the business, and new attitudes on the part of government to postal service. In the United Kingdom and Germany the increased interest in privatization and recognition of the benefits of competition are likely to have an impact on postal service. These challenges mean that postal managers must learn new ways of doing...
Postal service has received considerably less attention in the economics literature than traditional public utilities. Postal service is facing some v...
This book is based on a conference on Regulation and the Evolving Nature of Postal and Delivery Services: 1992 and Beyond' held at Village PTT, La Londe les Maures, France, on March 18, 1992. Leading practitioners, worldwide postal administrations, and the express delivery industry, as well as a number of regulators, academic economists, and lawyers examine the important policy and regulatory issues facing the postal and delivery industries. This includes such issues as: international postal policy and the role of the Universal Postal Union; regulation and terminal dues; competition, entry...
This book is based on a conference on Regulation and the Evolving Nature of Postal and Delivery Services: 1992 and Beyond' held at Village PTT, La Lon...
Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems focuses on the state of the art in formal specification, development and verification of fault-tolerant computing systems. The term fault-tolerance' refers to a system having properties which enable it to deliver its specified function despite (certain) faults of its subsystem. Fault-tolerance is achieved by adding extra hardware and/or software which corrects the effects of faults. In this sense, a system can be called fault-tolerant if it can be proved that the resulting (extended) system under some model of reliability...
Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems focuses on the state of the art in formal specification, development and verificati...
As the complexity and the density of VLSI chips increase with shrinking design rules, the evaluation of long-term reliability of MOS VLSI circuits is becoming an important problem. The assessment and improvement of reliability on the circuit level should be based on both the failure mode analysis and the basic understanding of the physical failure mechanisms observed in integrated circuits. Hot-carrier induced degrada- tion of MOS transistor characteristics is one of the primary mechanisms affecting the long-term reliability of MOS VLSI circuits. It is likely to become even more important in...
As the complexity and the density of VLSI chips increase with shrinking design rules, the evaluation of long-term reliability of MOS VLSI circuits is ...
th This book is published to commemorate the 50 Anniversary of the S.S. Huebner Foundation for Insurance Education. Administered at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, the Huebner Foundation was established in 1941 to strengthen insurance education at the collegiate level by increasing the number of professors specializing in insurance and enriching the literature in the field. The financial support of leading life insurance companies has enabled the Foundation to provide post-graduate education for prospective insurance teachers and scholars. Through its fellowship program,...
th This book is published to commemorate the 50 Anniversary of the S.S. Huebner Foundation for Insurance Education. Administered at the Wharton School...
When confronted with the hows and whys of nature's computational engines, some prefer to focus upon neural function: addressing issues of neural system behavior and its relation to natural intelligence. Then there are those who prefer the study of the "mechanics" of neural systems: the nuts and bolts of the "wetware" the neurons and synapses. Those who investigate pulse coded implementations ofartificial neural networks know what it means to stand at the boundary which lies between these two worlds: not just asking why natural neural systems behave as they do, but also how they achieve their...
When confronted with the hows and whys of nature's computational engines, some prefer to focus upon neural function: addressing issues of neural syste...
Scheduling is a resource allocation problem which exists in virtually every type of organization. Scheduling problems have produced roughly 40 years of research primarily within the OR community. This community has traditionally emphasized mathematical modeling techniques which seek exact solutions to well formulated optimization problems. While this approach produced important results, many contemporary scheduling problems are particularly difficult. Hence, over the last ten years operations researchers interested in scheduling have turned increasingly to more computer intensive and...
Scheduling is a resource allocation problem which exists in virtually every type of organization. Scheduling problems have produced roughly 40 years o...
