1 Introduction Cortical development is a complex, tightly regulated process that eventually leads to the six-layered adult human neocortex, the substrate of the unique cognitive, emotional, and social abilities of our species. The basic mechanisms of early cortical development are believed to be very similar among mammals, which has led to a tendency of extrapolating experimental data from rodents on humans. Certain traits, such as the general pattern of forebrain regionalization and expression of region-speci?c genes, seem to be conserved among vertebrates (e. g., Kammermeier and Reichert...
1 Introduction Cortical development is a complex, tightly regulated process that eventually leads to the six-layered adult human neocortex, the substr...
Neuregulins are EGF-like growth and differentiation factors that interact with tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family. Neuregulin signals are also involved in the development diseases including breast cancer, heart disease and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. This book reviews the biology of Neuregulins and their receptors and summarizes recent research, which has established crucial functions of this signaling system during development and disease.
Neuregulins are EGF-like growth and differentiation factors that interact with tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family. Neuregulin signals are...
The authors' results show that ischemia differentially activates endogenous neural precursors residing in diverse locations of the adult primate central nervous system. A limited endogenous potential for postischemic neuronal repair exists in neocortex and striatum, but not in the hippocampus proper of the adult macaque monkey brain. The presence of putative parenchymal progenitors and of sustained progenitors in germinative centers opens novel possibilities for precursor cell recruitment.
The authors' results show that ischemia differentially activates endogenous neural precursors residing in diverse locations of the adult primate ce...
The unexpected results from an investigation into hereditary congenital anorectal malformations of pig embryos have demonstrated the weakness of earlier interpretations and constructions and underlined the need for a new inquiry into the normal development of the area in human embryos. It demonstrated that although data from malformations may offer extra information about the normal development of the area, great care has to be taken in using that information for the reconstruction of its normal development which should be firmly based on the observation of the evolving microscopic anatomy of...
The unexpected results from an investigation into hereditary congenital anorectal malformations of pig embryos have demonstrated the weakness of earli...
cells, and the testicular localization of the intermediate filament protein nestin, known to be expressed in neural stem cells, by our group was the first step to define mural cells (pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells) of the testis microvascu- ture as the stem/progenitor cells of the adult Leydig cells. In summary, we were able to demonstrate specific proliferation of vascular progenitors and their subsequent transdifferentiation into steroidogenic Leydig cells, which - in addition - rapidly acquire neuronal and glial properties. Since both newly developed fetal and adult Leydig cell...
cells, and the testicular localization of the intermediate filament protein nestin, known to be expressed in neural stem cells, by our group was the f...
Rhythmic changes in physiology and behaviour within a 24 h period occur in living organisms on earth to meet the challenges associated with the daily changes in the external environment. The circadian pacemaker responsible for the temporal internal organisation and the generation of endogenous rhythms of approximately 24 h is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals. The endogenous period generated by the pacemaker is close to, but generally not equal to 24 h and the biological clock therefore needs to be daily adjusted (entrained) by external cues. The daily...
Rhythmic changes in physiology and behaviour within a 24 h period occur in living organisms on earth to meet the challenges associated with the dai...
in the human visceral pleura is the sole reliable criterion for the statement that it belongs to the 'thick type', while all observed animals have a 'thin' type VP. The mesothelium and underlying structures of the SM represent a highly permeable bidirectional membrane with signi?cant differences in the organ and region tra- port as a local phenomenon after horseradish peroxidase application. Stomata are constant features seen by SEM, but are occasional ?ndings observed by TEM over both sides of the diaphragm, lower intercostal spaces, anterior abdominal wall and greater omentum in untreated...
in the human visceral pleura is the sole reliable criterion for the statement that it belongs to the 'thick type', while all observed animals have a '...
The present review covers a very neglected field in regeneration studies, namely, tissue and organ regeneration in reptiles, especially represented by the lizard model of regeneration. The term "regeneration" is intended here as "the ability of an adult organism to recover damaged or completely lost body parts or organs." The process of recovery is further termed "restitutive regeneration" when the lost part is reformed and capable of performing the complete or partial physiological activity performed by the original, lost body part. Lizards represent the only amniotes that at the same time...
The present review covers a very neglected field in regeneration studies, namely, tissue and organ regeneration in reptiles, especially represented by...
Ume Eder Bat (A beautiful child) (popular song from Basque folklore) The aim of this monograph is to introduce the postnatal development of morphological features that are relevant to readers interested in the neurobiology and pathology of the hippocampal formation in terms of the complex phenomena that underlie the progressive anatomical and functional maturation of this brain region. This review focuses on the morphological aspects, while more detailed basic phenomena associated with neuronal maturation--which are undoubtedly also of great interest--are only marginally referred to, although...
Ume Eder Bat (A beautiful child) (popular song from Basque folklore) The aim of this monograph is to introduce the postnatal development of morphologi...
The present monograph is an imaginative and courageous attempt to provide a synthesis of knowledge concerning the af- ferent connections of the medial basal hypothalamus. Only somebody who has lived through most of the explosive develop- ment - over the last 25 years or so - in the neuroscience in general, and in hypothalamic functional neuroanatomy in parti- cular, can fully appreciate the remarkably consistent picture emerging from this study. The writer of this foreword was (alas!) an active participant in the very early and premature, and also largely naive, attempts to penetrate the...
The present monograph is an imaginative and courageous attempt to provide a synthesis of knowledge concerning the af- ferent connections of the medial...
