Colour Technology of Coatings

ISBN-13: 9783866306998 / Angielski / Twarda / 2016 / 300 str.

Wilhelm Kettler

Opis

This book covers the important topics of colorimetry, measuring and analysis in a fundamental and particularly vivid way. Beginning with the basics of colorimetry, the authors illustrate the different techniques for the metrological evaluation of colors in detail, pointing out the significance of coloristic for coatings. An excellent introduction for the ambitious expert to the field of coloristic.

Spis treści

ContentsI Fundamentals of colour perception Stefan Gauss1 Human colour vision1.1 The human eye1.1.1 Optical structure1.1.2 Signal processing and special features1.2 The photoreceptor cells in the human eye1.2.1 Spectral sensitivity of the receptors1.2.2 Visual defects1.3 Colour perception1.3.1 Chromophoric attributes1.3.2 Colour constancy2 Light as Electromagnetic Radiation3 Colour mixing.3.1 Additive colour mixing3.2 Subtractive colour mixing4 Interaction of light and matter5 Standard illuminants and light sources5.1 Standardilluminants5.2 Light sources6 Standard observer7 CIE 31 system.7.1 Calculation of tristimulus values7.2 Chromaticity coordinates8 CIELAB system8.1 The L*, a*, b* coordinates8.2 The L*, C*, h coordinates8.3 Colour differences8.4 Colour tolerances and MacAdam ellipses 9 Metamerism9.1 Colour constancy9.2 Metameric pairs9.3 Special metameric indexII Colour measurement, colour measurement systems and visual colour assessment1 Principles behind measuring coloured surfacesGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder1.1 Analytical and visual characterisation of colour1.1.1 Method A: Tristimulus colorimeter1.1.2 Methods B and C: Spectrophotometer with polychromatic illumination1.1.3 Method D: Spectrophotometer with monochromatic illumination1.1.4 Method E: Bi-spectral measurement 1.1.5 Spectral measuring range, resolution and illumination1.1.6 Spectrometers, monochromators and detectors2 Measuring geometriesGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder2.1 Sphere geometries for reflectance measurements2.2 Directional geometries for reflectance measurements2.3 Measuring geometries for different sample types and sample properties2.4 Recommended geometries for transmission measurement2.5 Notes on choosing the right geometry2.6 Multi-angle geometries3 Measuring geometries for special effect pigmentsPeter Gabel3.1 Optical principles behind special effect pigments3.2 Measuring geometries for metallic pigments3.3 Measuring geometries for special effect pigments3.4 New measuring geometries - applications for special effect pigments3.4.1 New measuring geometries - new developments4 Sample preparationGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder5 Recommended colourimetric conditionsGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder5.1 Calibration of the colour-measuring instrument5.2 Ambient conditions5.3 Black calibration5.4 White calibration5.5 Calibration function5.6 Control measurement5.7 Storage of calibration standards5.8 Laboratory report6 Influence of the surfaceGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder7 Special case: optical brighteners and fluorescenceGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder8 Sources of error in colour measurementsStefan Gauss 8.1 Errors in sample preparation8.2 Instrument error8.3 Experimental error9 Profiling of measuring instruments and colour managementGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder9.1 Commonly used colour standardsfor profiling colour-measurement instruments 9.2 Set of colour standards for colour-measuring instruments9.3 Instrument maker accuracy and profiling10 Non-contact colour measurementGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred BinderIII Visual colour assessmentGerhard Rösler, translated by Manfred Binder1 Colour perception and colour deficiency2 Light booths3 Visual colour assessment of samples with effect coatings3.1 Method: sample modulation3.2 Method: illumination modulation3.3 Method: observer modulation3.3.1 Assessment of special effect pigments by the method of observer modulation3.4 Summary of visual assessment of effect-coated samplesIV Colour-order systemsWilhelm Kettler1 Introduction and definition 2 Psychometric scales3 Colour scales4 Colour notation systems4.1 CIELAB, CIELUV, and DIN994.2 Munsell colour system4.3 DIN colour system4.4 NCS colour system4.5 OSA-UCS colour system4.6 RAL design system5 Colour-naming systems and colour-card collections5.1 RAL syst